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        ,      
.       :  "...    
,  ,        
 ;  ,  ,   ,  
,   , ,   ..."  {Selections  from
Clarendon, ed. by G. Huehns. London, 1852, p. 347.}
      80-   XVII  .          
,              
.       .      
  -  -     
       .  
1688 .      " ",  ,  
 , "   III     
   " {.   . . , . 23.
., 1960, . 735.}.    "  ,  
   " {.   . . ,  .
XVI,  .  2.  .,  1936,  .  298.}.    ,  
        
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     XVII .   ,
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          ..."  {.  .
.  " "        
.  .: "XVII     ".  .,  "",
1969, . 11-12.}
                   ,  
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     .    ,
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,      .
        . .       
    1714 .   ,    
                     
(1647-1680),     {William Congreve. Letters  and
Documents. Ed. by  John  C.  Hodges.  New  York,  1964,  p.  70.}.    
,                 
     ,      
        ,   ,   -,
     ,  
  ,    .  
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     XVII ,           
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     XVIII .          ,
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     XVII .     
       ,      
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           ,  
         "   {    
, . I. M.- ., -  , 1946, . 350.}.
             XVII . 
       -  
                 
(1590-1626),    ,      
            
.            
" ",      :    
  ,  ,    ,   . 
  -    ,         .   
  ,      ,    
  , , .        
        ,     
  ,              
.               "   
  " (1623),    
 ,      ,   
    .   (  
   ) ,       ,
     -  .    
  ,     ,  ,
,   {Les Libertins au XVI le  Siecle.  Ed.  by
Antoine Adam. Paris, 1964, p. 33-62.}.
              
    ,   
    {., :  Dale  Underwood.  Etherege
and the  Seventeenth-Century  Comedy  of  Manners.  Yale  University  Press,
1957.}.    .       ,
                
-,   - (1588-1672),  -  
 (1602-1673),     (1619-1655),      -
(1610-1703).               
-,    ,     1661  .
     . "-, -  . .  ,  -
           ,  ,    
,      ,   - " {. .
.    . M.- .,  ,  1960,  .  354.}.
-     ,     
 -  ,  ,    .  
   -,        :
                 
                     
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,            ,
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        .
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 "".  XVII .  "wit" (  ,  ,
)         ,      
     .      
 ""    ,      
, , .     ""  
""        .  "  ",
"",   ,  ,        
,      ,      "
,       " {John Dennis. Remarks on
a Book entitled. Prince Arthur. London, 1696, p. 3.}.      ,
  ,      ,    
  ,    ""  ,
   ,    "",        
  ,             -   .
""    ,     
  ,    ,  ,  .  
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XVII-XVIII ,            
           
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      -,  ,
     .      "  "  
 ,        
,    .   -     -
      ,   
 ,   {. . .  .  .  .,  .  VI.
 , . 1. .  ., 1866, . 340-341.}.
        ""       
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,              .   "
!.. -             "
". - , ,    ,        
,  ;      ,     
      - ,   ,  -
   ,  ..." {John Crowne. The Country Wit. London,
1735, p. 14.}        :    
(  -)        ""
(1675), ",    ,      ",
 ,   ,    ,  
            "   "      
  ,     .  "    -
, -   .  -            ,  
  .  ,    .  - 
" {Thomas Shadwell. The Libertine. London, 1720, p. 97.}.  
              
     " " (  I,  .  1).  ,  
  ,  ,  ,    
   .        
,  -  ,   -      {    
 ""        
   --  (1601-1658),      
 ""   "",   
              
.}.   ,    ,  
        .
       ,      ,    ,
          ,
,  .  "            
     , -      
" " (1694).-   ,       
    .        
         ...      
, ,   ,     
    ,     ..."
{James Wright. Country Conversations. London, 1694,  p.  4-5.}    
     ,        :
    " " ("The  Lady's  New  Year's  Gift,  or
Advice to a Daughter", 1691),    "  "
("A Discourse of Wit", 1686),    "  "
("The Character  of  a  Town  Gallant",  1675),  "  "  ("The
Character of a Town Misse", 1675), "      
 " ("Remarques on  the  Humours  and  Conversations  of  the
Gallants  of  the  Town",  1673).           
,    ,  ,    
         
.
           -  
 .         "  "  (1695)    :
"         
 .  ,        -      
                        
 .   .     ,   
,       ,    
...        ,   
,           ,  
.   ,         
  .           
   " {R. Blackmore. Prince Arthur. In: Critical
Essays  of  the  Seventeenth  Century.  Ed.  by  ,T.  E.  Spingarn,  Indiana
University Press, 1957, vol. Ill, p. 232.}.
        ,         
        ,      
    ,        
 {    ""     .:  .
. . -          
  . , 1967.}.
             ,  
      .  ,  
 ,            :  
    -  ,   ,      .   
         ,    
,      ,  
,       .    
     ;        
  ,      ,          .  
          .    
       
    ""  ,      ,   
;         
  ,            ,  
  ,  ,   .
             
,      ,    
      .     
                  
   ,    ,    
,    " ".
           ,          ?     
 ,     ,   
  XVIII  .  ,  ,  ,      
,    , . ,    , 
      ,         -   ,
"          "
{John Dryden. The Dramatic Works, vol. II. London, 1762, p. 286-287. Preface
to "Evening's Love".}.            
    ,        
        
  ,  "       
"  {.:  .      .  .    .  .,  -
 , 1960, .  241.}.        
     .   , , 
   ,   .
     " , -  , -  ,    
,  ,         
 " {Critical Essays of the  Seventeenth  Century,  p.  228.}.
  ,      ,    .
         ,      "      
             ,    
  " {William Congreve. Amendments of  Mr.  Collier's
False and Imperfect Citations, p. 9.}.
             ,      
       ,   
  ,      ,         ,   "      
".        ,      
      ,  
      ,      
    .       ,   
,    ,              
,      ,  ,  ,
,  ,          ,
    ,          
{Critical Essays of the  Seventeenth  Century,  p.  230.}.    
  ,           ,
          ,          
         .
            ,        
  ,    {Ibid., p. 231.}.
                      
  .        ,   
     ,     ,
        .  ",  -       
   " ", -          
  .     ?     
:      ...      
           
;         ? -  
    ,    " {.  .  72
 .}.   ,          "    
", "     ,    
     ,       :  
            ,    
,    ,         
" {. . 288  .}.
         "      "        
,     :     
       . , 
   ,       :  "  
, -  , -    ,    ,   
      ,        
          ,          
  "  {.  .  286    .}.      :
"...        ,  
  ,         ,
   .             
     ,       ,  
   ,  ,  , ,   
        ,     
  ..." {. . 287  .}
                
   .          
     .    ,  
      -      
 .         .      
      ,            :
"-" (1706)  "    "  (1707),  
    -  . ,        
    ,               
  - ,   .
     -        1700  .,     
,         .
     "...            
  .    ,       
  .              ,  
    .        
 ,          ,    
:  ,          
  ..."
     "...    .    .     
   ..."
     "... ,    .       
..."
                ,
   , -    {Moulton's
Library of Literary Criticism in Four Volumes.  New  York,  1966.  Congreve,
vol. II.}.
        ,  ,   
     .      
              ,
    , ,       .  
     ,   ,      
 {Richard Steele. The  Correspondence.  Ed.  by  Rae  Blanchard.
Oxford, 1941, p. 473; Theophilus Gibber. The Lives of  the  Poets  of  Great
Britain and Ireland to the Time of Dean Swift. London,  1753,  vol.  IV,  p.
92.}.   ,     -  
 ,         
 {John Dryuen. The Letters. Ed. by Ch. E. Ward. Letters 26, 33,  34.
Durham, 1942; Steele, Correspondence, p.  517.}.  ,  
,       ,    
,               
 .
           .      
       ,      
.        :
      ,      
 {John C. Hodges. William Congreve: the Man. New York, 1941,  p.  28.
. : Irvin Ehrenpreis. Swift. Cambridge (Mass.), 1951, p. 23-36.}.
                   :
  ,      "-"  ,
          ,    
      ,  ,  ,  ,
  .   ,   ,  
    ,         
  {.  :  The  Kit-Cat  Club  Portraits.  National  Portrait
Gallery.  London,  1971.}.               
:    ,         ,      ,
  .            ,   
      {.     :
William  Thackeray.  The  English  Humourists  of  the  Eighteenth  Century.
Leipzig, 1853, p. 57.}.    "".  
 , ,    ,      
 .         "    
        ,          
,          "  {Giles
Jacob. The Poetical Register: or, The Lives and Characters  of  the  English
Dramatick Poets. London,  1719,  p.  42.}.        
        1726  .,  -
           
    "    "  {F.  M.  A.  Voltaire.
Lettres Philosophiques. Rouen, 1734. Dixneuvieme Lettre: Sur la Comedie,  p.
109-110.}.
               ,  ,
.             
 :  , ,   
.                          
  ,             ;   
    ,      
 ;    ,      
1703 . {William Congreve. Letters and Documents. Ed. by John C. Hodges. New
York, 1964, p. 188, 26-27.}   -   ,   ,
, .
          ,        
.    ,          ,  
  " "   {J. Swift. Journal
to Stella. Ed. by Harold WiUiams. Oxford, 1948, p. 310.}.   
 . "   , -  , -      
,   ...       .    
  ..." {Ibid., p. 396.}
            .    
       .      
    ,  .
       24  1670 .        
       ,       
  {      :  Dictionary  of
National Biography, vol. XII, p. 6-9; John C. Hodges. William Congreve:  the
Man. New York, 1941; Maximilllan E. Novak. William Congreve, New York, 1971,
p.  20-41.}.                 ,
                
,    .    ,    ,      
  ,     II    
 .
        .        
    -,     
.
                
    ,    ,      ,  
,  ,   ,   ,  -    .
-,   -      ,      
  ,  ,        ,
    .  1681 .       ,  
      .
        -        ,  
       ,        
   {J. Swift. Correspondence. Ed. by  Harold  Williams.
Oxford, 1963, v. l. I, p. 14.}.  ,       ,
           
 .        ,
, ,    ,    ,
  .  ,         
 -     .
      ,    ,     :
    ,  ,   .      
     -,     
      .      
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      .          ,
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        -,   ,      
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,  .         
       ,      -  "  "
          '    "  
 "  .
      1688 .,     " ", ,    
 ,      ,        
  ,    II .
             :    
 1689 .              
; , -,       "
".
     17  1691 .     -,    
  ,    .        
   :       ,
   ,          
,   -  ,   ,    ,  
.     -         
   ( ,       
   ) {M. E. Novak. William Congreve, p. 26.}:  "
       ,     
      ,  ,    ,     
  ,  ,   ,   
,    .    
      ,    
,               
..." {Giles Jacob. The poetical Register, p. 41.}
      -      ,      
  .               
-  ,         
 ,    ,  ,  .  
    ,     
  .
                  :  
       , 
    .
       1692 .      
-  "",     .    
 -   ,       ,
-          ,      
.  ,    .  
     : "   .  ,
 ,     , ,   ,
  .   ,         
,   " {Samuel Johnson. The  lives  of  the  Most  Eminent
English Poets. London, 1781, vol. III, p. 47.}.
                   -    
,  ,  ,    .  
,          ,
      .     
       :    ,
    XVII -  XVIII .,    
  ,             
  .         ,
  1693 .           ""  -  
,      .    
,     ,     
 ,  "  " {William Congreve. Letters
and Documents, p. 89-90.}.
        1693  .      -      
 " " ("The Old Bachelor").     
 ,          {.:  Emmett
L. Avery. Congreve's Plays on the Eighteenth-Century Stage. New York,  1951,
p. 171-182.}.      ,      
" ": " " "  ,     
  -. ,  ,      ,    
    .    ,        
             "  {Peter
Motteux.  The  Gentleman's  Journal:  or  The  Monthly  Miscellany.  London,
1691-1694, vol. II, p. 61.}.
      , ,    :  
              
;                 
 ;          
      ,          
                    {
           .:
John Doran. Their Majesties' Servants: Annals of the English Stage, from  T.
Betterton to E. Kean. London, 1888.}.
        " "     ,
       .    
              ,      
      -            {William
Congreve. Letters and Documents, p. 92.}.
                 .  
" " ("The Double Dealer")        1693  .
   ,              .
         :  "  "  
 .      ,  ,  
,  . , ,         
  .    ,          ;
     ,      ,  :
       .  , 
,    ,   ,       
   ,          "  {John
Dryden. The Letters (Dec. 12, 1693), p. 63.}.
      ""       ,    
    ,        .
       ,   
 " "   ,   :

                       :
                      ,    .
                         
                        ,    {*}.

     {* J. Swift. The Poems. Ed. by Harold Williams. Oxford, 1937,  vol.  I,
p. 43-50. To Mr.  Congreve.    M.  .  .  :  J.  Swift.
Correspondence, I, p. 14.}

       1694 .         "    "
("Love for Love").   , ,     -
 ,     - (.  4  
 "  ").   "",     
  ,              
   ,    :  25  
1695 .            
,  30    ,          -,
      --    
 ,      {Colley  Gibber.
The Apology. Ed. by B. R. S. Fone. The University of Michigan  Press,  1968,
p. 107-110.}.
       "  "     .  
   ,       
.
         .     ,  6
 1695 .           ,  
  .       (,  ,  
 ,   )       .
    ,  ,      
 III ,             {.,
: To the King, on the Taking of Namure (1695); The Mourning  Muse-of
Alexis (1695).},   ,     
II   II.
      "  " ("The Mourning Bride")  (  1697  .)
       :  
  "          ,      
  ,     " {M.  E.
Novak. William Congreve, p. 32.}.         
            III    
 ,      II. "   "
    ,    ,  "     
    ".        
,            ,  
 "   "    III:    ,  
 ,  ,    ,        
{William Congreve. The Mourning Bride, Poems and  Miscellanies.  Ed.  by  B.
Dobree. London, 1928, p.  77;  .  :  William  Congreve.  Letters  and
Documents, p. 195-197.}.
     1698            
  : 5        
-   "            
  ",               
.    ,  ,  ,  ,  ,  
  .      "" ,
 "", "  ", ", 
".
     "  , -  , -    ,
  ,          ,
      ,  
.  ,         
,       ".   
,    ,    "            
  ,  ;       
  ,   " {J. Collier. A Short  View
of the Immorality and Profaneness of the English Stage. London, 1698: In: J.
E. Spingarn. Critical Essays of the Seventeenth Century, vol.  III.  Oxford,
1908-1909, p. 277.}.
         .      ,
,     {        .:  W.
Heldt.  A  Chronological  and  Critical  Review  of  the  Appreciation   and
Condemnation of the Comic Dramatists of the Restoration and Orange Periods.-
Neophilologus, VII-VIII, 1922-1923.},        
       -    
  .   ,    
,                 .
                 
,           
 - , , .
         ,       
,    ,    -     
  ,      .
     ,  , -      
       ,        
 .             
 :        ""  ,
    ,  ,      
-  .        
       ,  
    ,      ,        
,    "        
    ".    
   :  1702 ., ,    
     "  ".
                   
"       " {Amendments of Mr.
Collier's False and Imperfect Citations, etc. from The Old  Bat-chelor,  The
Double Dealer, Love for Love and the Mourning Bride by  the  Author  of  the
Plays. London, 1698.},              ,
 ,     ,        ,    
.
         "   "  ("The  Way
of the World")  5    1700  .      --.
     : "     
 ,   " {William Congreve. Letters and
Documents, p. 102.}.       
,      .    ,
                
;  -             
    .  ""     
   : "              
;          ,
,   ,    ".
      , ,       ,    
    :     ,    
 "  " ,         
 ,       "          (
 ) ..." {A Comparison between the Two  Stages  with  an
Examen of the Generous Conqueror; and Some Critical Remarks.  London,  1702,
p. 197.        : ",  
  ,       .      ,
  .    ,        
               
..." (Samuel Johnson. Lives of the Poets, p. 62).}
     ,      .  
   - .     ?      
  ?  .    ,  ,     
  "         "  {William  Congreve.
Amendments of Mr. Collier's False and Imperfect Citations, p. 40.},  
       .
          1700 .     -  
 "" -               ,
   "  ".
                 ,   
" "        :    
  - , "", " ". , 
   .      . 
                      
-,             
  -.                
 ,   ,   ,    ,  
.            
  .         -    
 " ":        
   ,      -   ,  
   {William Congreve. Letters and Documents, p. 13}.
      1700 . " "        
,      200 .  
    ,        ,
     ,       "
 "  "   " {  . : . . .
     XVII .   .:  "  
". , 1975, . 53-74.}.  " "   1701  .
  -.            
    ,    ,  ,    {  
       1707  .,      
   "",       .  
    (1744,    -).}.  
            ,  
      .
      1703 .       : 
  ,  ,  ,   
  .      .         ,
          ,     
    .         
{. : Kathleen M. Lynch. A  Congreve  Gallery.  Cambridge  (Mass.).
1951. p. 59-90, 91-109.}.
         .  ,    
  .             
     "   "  {
   " ".};          
   ,  .
       1704 .          
      ,    
  .      ,      
      "    
              
".     "    
   , ,  ,  ,    
    " {A.  Nicoll.  A  History  of
English Drama. 1660-1900. Cambridge, 1969, vol. II, p.  275.}.    
      -  ,  
 ,  ,      -,
                     
,  ,     .  
             :    
    ,     ,
   ,  "            
" {Colley Gibber. The Apology, p. 173.}.     
     --.
        "-"     .    
-      ,   ,  1714  .
-     ,   700   ,   
  .
          :  ,      
  ,        "  "   ,   
    .
                        
,     -,   
1713 .      , , ,  ,
 .      .  
           ,    
     .        
- (            
"-"), "...      ,    
   ,    , ,   ".
-         ,   
.       .
                    .
"  "    XVIII            
       .      
(, )          
        . 
(,  ,  )               
  ,               
.
                
        .      
,   ,  -          
 . ,  ,    
         .      
   .     , 
"       ".  ,
        ,  
,        .    
  ,   , ,  
  ,             ,
, .  1711 .       ""  (  292)
,     : "...    ,
                   
  -.       -
.      ,        "  {J.
Swijt. Journal to Stella, p. 191.}.
             -,    
,           .  
1710 .            ,  
    .        ,  
      "".     ,
  , , ,    .
       1717  .                 
"  "  ,        
"" ,      "   
",           
.
           ,  "     
",     .    
      ,      .        
, , :	-

                      ,    
                         ;
                           :
                     , ,   .
                         
                       ,   .
                         :  
                            , -
                        ,   ,
                        ,    .
                     ,    ,
                     , -   {*}.

     {* William Congreve. The Mourning Bride, Poems and Miscellanies. Ed. by
Bonamy Dobree. London, 1928, p. 402.  . .}

         ,  "      ",    
-    " ".
        58-  , 19  1729 . 26    
     ,     
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.                 
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,   - :      .      -
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,         (III,  3),  
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        ^T^U

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"       ;    "    "
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"", 1965.
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