, . , , , , , , , , . , . , , , , . . , , , , , . , , , , . , , . - , , , - , - , . , , . , . , , , , - , . , , . , . , , . - . ( , -, ), . - , - , - , , . - , - , - , ; . - , , - , - , . - , - , - , , , , . ! - , - , - , . - ! - . - , ? , - ! , . - , - , - , , - . , , . - ! , , ! - , - , - . - . , ! , . , . - , , , , , . , , . ; . , , , , . , , , . . : " , ". !  " " ("The citizen of the world; or Letters from a Chinese philosopher, residing in London, to his friends in the East") : Collected works of Ol. Goldsmith in 5 vols., ed. by A. Friedman, vol. II. Oxford, Clarendon press, 1966. " " " ("The Public Ledger", 1760-1761 .) , 1762 ., , , , 1774 ., . 1762 ., ; " , 1762 . - " " " ", , " " ", , . 1 1762 . 2 -- (1589-1669)- , , ". ", . 3 (1606-1682) - , ( ), " " (1642). " ", " " (- 1758 .), , , , 29 , . . The works of Ol. Goldsmith, ed. by J. W. M. Gibbs, im V vols L 1884-86, vol. IV, p. 417. 4 ... ... - " " 1760-1761 . 5 ..., ...- , 1759 ., ("Gentleman's Magazine", XXIX,. . 493). 6 - , ( , ); " " (Bowen Em. A complete systeme of Geography, 1747, v. II, p. 502), . : . 7 (1656-1729) - - , " " (1686). . . 321. 8 ... ...- 1760 . III. 9 ( IX,. 49). . : " ". ., , 1960, . 373. " " . I 1 - , . 1516 . , 40- XVII . . 1715 . . II 1 - ; 1421 . . 2... ...- : , . 1762 . 3 ... ...- , , , 1764 . . XXVIII "" : " , , ". 4 -, - - , "" " ". . , . 317. III 1 ... ... - . . - , "- , " (Philipp fohann van Strahlenberg. "Das Nord- und Ostliche Theil von Europa und Asia, inso weit solches das gantze Russische Reich mil Siberien...". Stockholm, 1730, 340-341; - 1736 .; , , XXXII ), XVIII . " . . , II , 700 . 2 ... ...- , XVII-XVIII . . 3 ... , . - "" (1764). 4 4 ... . .. - , , - , XVII . . 5 ... . - , , , , " " ', - . 6 ... ...- , . 7 ... , . - . 8 - . 9 - , -, . 10 - , (XI .). 11 ... . - , . IV 1 ... ...- (John Byrom, 1692-1763) " " ("Tom the Porter", 1746). 2 ... ... - (1756-1763), , . , , 1756- 1757 . . , . , , " II", , , 10 . 3 ... . - XVII . " " - , , , . V 1 - , , . 2 ... ... - "" , , , , , VI, I. 473-475). 3 ... ...- . 4 ... ... - - (1717-1780). 5 ... ...- III, 1759 . 6 - . 7 ... ...- ; " " (1761, XXXI) 21 1761 . 54 . 8 ... . - 4 1758 . - (1750-1777). . 13 1759 . , , . " " (1758, XXVIII, pp. 500, 549; 1759, XXIX, pp. 39, 74, 79). 9 ... ...- II (1712-1786). 10 ... ...- . . IV, 2. 11 (1721-1764) - XV (1710-1774), . 12 (1715-1757) - XV, : , , , , ". 13 ...- , . : " , ; " " ("", VI, I, 455-466). 14 ... . - - , (1745 1748 .) , . - ( 1757 .) , "... , ". CL 29 ( (1581-1656) - ). 15 (1721 -1792) - , . 1759 . . 16 - - ; . , -, . VI 1 - , , ; . 2 - , - , ; , . , . . . ' (I, 48; II, 106; IV, 136). VII 1 , - (551-479 . .), - . ; , . - . 2 - , XVI-XVII . - ; - . 3 ... . - , . XLVII , , , ("Confucius Sinarura Philosophus sine scientia Latine exposita...", P. Couplet, Paris, 1687), , (II, . 48), - - (I, . 350). 4 . - "" ; . "" "", - (VI-V . . .), - , . . , , . , , - . (I, 648-649), , , . , " " - . 5 , , - , , . .: Moreri Louis. Le grand dictionnaire historique, v. VIII, Amsterdam, 1740, p. 116. 6 - ( ), (I . . .), . , . "An Universal History, from the earliest account of time", v. XV. L., 1748, pp. 88-104. VIII 1 ... . - . 2 ... . - (I, 14), -, , , . , , , -, , ; . IX 1 . - -; - ( , 206 . . . III . . .). - , " " "". 2 ... ... - . 3 ... ...- - . ( . ); , , , . X 1 - , . 2 . - , , ; , - . 3 ... ... - VII , , , , . . , , - XVIII . 4 , , - , . 5 - , . (341-270 . .) - - ; , , , - . XI 1 , ... - . . 328-329. 2 ... . - , . XII 1 - ; . , , . XIII 1 ... . - . (" "), , . , -- 1740 ., . . . 2 (1608-1674) - , ; 1737 . . 3 (1664-1721) - . 4 (1563-1631) - , . 6 (1688-1744) - , ; 1761 . : "... , ". 9 ... . - : " " , . " " (1759). 7 ... . - . , . , , . V : , , . 8 ... . - - , 26 1601 .; , , , , . . 9 ... ...- V , , ( , ), VIII , . 10 ... . - , . , , , ( , 28). , , , , , . 1297 . I , , , . 11 (1608-1670) - I 1642 . , . , , . " ". , . 12 ... . - , , "" (18.111.1712), . XIV 1 (4-5? . . . - 65 . . .) - , ; - , . 2 - (1678-1751) - , . 1714 . . 1770 . : " -, ", XV 1 - - , , - ( ); - , 1771 ., . . . "" (1710, 134), . 2 ... ...- , (VI . . .), . , . XVI 1 ... ... - , -, . ", " ("Alma: or, The progress of the Mind", 1716, II, 515-520), , - , , ; . 2 (354-430), , - " ", . " " , , , , . ., , , , , , . 3 ( III . . .) - , " ", - "", . 4 ... - ...- - , - , "" (III, 116; IV, 13, 14, 27) - . 5 (22-79 . . .) - , " ", . , ; . VII , , , , , . 6 (1520-1597) - , " " (Dies caniculares...per Simonera Maiolum episcoparum Vulturariens. Moguntia, 1607, p. 74). 7 - , 305 30 . . . 8 (I . . .) - , " ". , , - . 9 (. II . . .) - , " ", . 10 ... ... - : - 163 . , - 1576 ., , ' (II, 2-10), - 1643 . . 11 (1667-1757) - , , - . XVII 1 ... ...- ( , .), , , : 1759 . , 1760 . - . XVIII 1 ... . - (II, 168-174), . 2 (.) - , . XIX 1 ... ... - ' (II, 135-136). " I, , , , , ., , , , , . , , ". , 1739 (Mottley J. The history of the life of Peter I, emperor of Russia...). (. 48), , , , . , , , , , . XX 1 (1501-1576) - , . 2 ... . - , . , (1561-1626), . "" : " , , , , , ". . 2- , . II, ., "", 1972, . 378. 3 - (1718-1776) - , 1754 . " ", ("Annee Litteraire", 1757, v. Ill, pp. 65-66). . 4 ... . - , , " ". " ", 1761 . " ", , . - , , , (CW III, 28). 8 (1671-1713) - -, " , , , " (1711), , . 9 ... . - , , , , , (I, 135). XXI 1 ...- ... - . , . 2 ... ...- , , . , , , , . , , , . , , , , . 3 ... . - (1722-1808) "", 1757 . -. " ", , , "" (). , " ", , (CW I, 10-14). 4 ... ...- , . , , . , , , . 5 ... ... - , , . XXII 1 - , . 2 - . , -, 1742 . : " , " (Spilman J. A Journey through Russia into Persia etc...). - , . , , (, , ), . , . XCIV , , - - . 3 -- - Ambulaaohamed - , , . 4 ... - ...- , , - . 5 ... ...- , , , - . XXIII 1 ... ... - XVIII . , , , , . . 2 ... . - "London Chronicle" 17-19.I.1760 ., 10 . 3 - " ", (I, 130-236), . , -, , , , , . "" "" (V, 1755, . 742), , . , . " " ("", V. - CW I, 435). 4 ... ... - ; ,