:


 From : Victor Vislobokov  2:5054/69.34@FidoNet      03/Oct/97
 Subj :  FAQ  Debian   Siblug [1/3]
 Reply-To: p34@tcsb.perm.su
 Debian FAQ.    (2:5054/8.34@Fidonet.org)

---------------------------------------------------------------
	, ,     2:5054/69.34@FidoNet,
     -     - .
       egisup@hotmail.com
  .   -     - ,
   .

Alex Korchmar, alex_korchmar@p2.f28.n5020.z2.fidonet.org

---------------------------------------------------------------

---------------------------------------------------------------
             , 
      .

      , ,    
       Fidonet.

Patch level 6, 26  1997, 23:20.
---------------------------------------------------------------
      ,       FAQ
     1.   Debian?
     2.   Debian    Linux?
     3.     Debian?
     4.   Debian    ?
     5.    ,      
    ?
     6.     ,    mc (Midnight Commander)
           ,    
  ?
     7.    ,       X Window  
 rxvt  mc (Midnight Commander)     
Home    End        
  1~  4~?  ,    ?
     8.        
 X Window?
     9.            
joe?
     10.      ?
     11.      ?
     12.          Linux    
,    DOS,      LILO  
 DOS?
     13.        tar    ,
     .      
 ?
     14.  ,        Linux  
DOS'   LILO.   ?  ,  
 .
     15.          ,    
  .    ?
     16.  ,        X
Window    PS/2   X  Window  Server    
: psaux: device resource is busy?
     17.        
adduser   - -   
   ,    /etc/skel,  -
    !   ?

*  *  *





A: Debian      Linux (UNIX    
    ).



A:        ,
     .         
   ,      . 
       Debian'         UNIX'
    System V.

         -        .    
           
   ,     ,      , 
    .        , 
             
             
      .



A: H :
   -  
   -  CD ROM
   -      
   -  FTP
   -  



A:    Debian 1.3.1



Q5:   ,         
    -?
A:            (root),
            root,    
    su.
        ,  
      /etc/init.d   russian   
       :

#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
#                                 russian
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------

# Set leds and META for terminals
for t in 1 2 3 4
do
   setleds -num /dev/null
done

# Load russian fonts
echo -e "                       \033[1;34;47m      Loading Russian Font
\033[36;40m"
setfont Cyr_a8x16 >/dev/null 2>/dev/null

# Load russian keys
echo -e "                       \033[1;37;44m      Loading Russian Keys
\033[36;40m"
loadkeys ru1.map >/dev/null 2>/dev/null

# Map screen
echo -e "                       \033[1;33;41m      Loading  Map  Screen
\033[36;40m"
mapscrn koi2alt > /dev/null 2>/dev/null

# Enable mapping on tty
for t in 1 2 3 4
do
   echo -e "\033(K" >/dev/tty$t
   echo -e "                    \033[0;30;42m  Enable mapping on \033[0;31;42m
/dev/tty$t  \033[0;36;40m"
done
#-------------------------------end of file---------------------------------

               ,
  ,       
(run level)      init.     /etc/rc*.d.
          
 /etc/rc2.d.    ,  , 
      ,       ,
    ``S'',       . 
      /etc/init.d.  
      /etc/init.d/russian,       
     ``S'',    .
    88 (    - 
   ).   ,  
 /etc/rc2.d:

         ln -sf /etc/init.d/russian S88russian

           ,
  .       
 .inputrc (  ,      shell'
 bash -       
 )    :

                set meta-flag On
                set convert-meta Off
                set output-meta On
                "\e[1~": beginning-of-line
                "\e[3~": delete-char
                "\e[4~": end-of-line
                "\e[C": forward-char
                "\e[D": backward-char
                "\e[A": previous-history
                "\e[B": next-history

            shell' 
,              .
          ,   
            
     .     
      /etc/skel,   
           
 .

        /etc        
profile.  ,        
  .    (, ,
  joe)       :

      export LANG=ru_RU
      export PAGER=less
      export LESSCHARSET=koi8-r

 LANG        (
  ,   ,  ).   PAGER
 ,          
 man (   more).less  ,
           ,
 PgUp, PgDn,               ..
  LESSCHARSET     less    
     KOI-8.

        .    
:
-   Ctrl-Alt-Del (    )
-   reboot
-   shutdown -g0 (  )

 ,      
(login)             
         
.    ,       
     .   , 
        Alt  
  .



Q:   ,    mc (Midnight Commander)  
             ,    
   ?
A:       .  
   F9      Option,  Display bits   Full 8
   bit. H       .   
     mc           -m.    
   ,        mc. ,   
          :

         alias mc="mc -m"

 ,        , -
      ``.man''  . 
            . 
     ,          mc   ,
  ,      groff.     
 mc            : nroff, 
 -Tascii. H        ,   
ascii   . H  .  
 /etc/mc    mc.ext       
  -Tascii  -Tlatin1.



Q:  ,      X Window     
   rxvt    mc (Midnight Commander)    Home  End
             1~  4~? 
   ,    ?
A:         terminfo.
   -  mc     rxvt    .
       :
      -     ,    /tmp1
      -  shell' (  mc)  
        :

        export TERMINFO=/tmp1

      -          ,
                UUE   (
             xterm.tic):

#
# Sh941004, 960328
#
xterm|vs100|xterm terminal emulator (X Window System),
	am, xenl, km, mir, msgr, xon,
	colors#8, cols#80, it#8, lines#25, ncv#3, pairs#64, bel=^G, cr=^M,
	csr=^[[%i%p1%d;%p2%dr, tbc=^[[3k, clear=^[[H^[[2J, el=^[[K, ed=^[[J,
	cup=^[[%i%p1%d;%p2%dH, cud1=^J, home=^[[H, cub1=^H, cuf1=^[[C,
	cuu1=^[[A, dch1=^[[P, dl1=^[[M, bold=^[[1m, smcup=^[7^[[?47h,
	smir=^[[4h, rev=^[[7m, smso=^[[7m, smul=^[[4m, sgr0=^[[m,
	rmcup=^[[2J^[[?47l^[8, rmir=^[[4l, rmso=^[[m, rmul=^[[m,
	is2=^[[r^[[m^[[2J^[[H^[[?7h^[[?1;3;4;6l^[[4l, il1=^[[L, kbs=^H,
	kcud1=^[OB,
	kich1=^[[2~, kdch1=^[[3~, khome=^[[1~, kend=^[[4~,
	knp=^[[6~, kpp=^[[5~, kbs=\177,
	kf1=^[[11~, kf2=^[[12~, kf3=^[[13~, kf4=^[[14~,
	kf5=^[[15~, kf6=^[[17~, kf7=^[[18~, kf8=^[[19~, kf9=^[[20~,
	kf10=^[[21~, kf11=^[[23~, kf12=^[[24~, kf13=^[[25~, kf14=^[[26~,
	kf15=^[[28~, kf16=^[[29~, kf17=^[[31~, kf18=^[[32~, kf19=^[[33~,
	kf20=^[[34~,
	kcub1=^[OD,
	kcuf1=^[OC, kcuu1=^[OA, rmkx=^[[?1l^[>, smkx=^[[?1h^[=,
	dch=^[[%p1%dP, dl=^[[%p1%dM, cud=^[[%p1%dB, ich=^[[%p1%d@,
	il=^[[%p1%dL, cuu=^[[%p1%dA,
	rs2=^[[r^[[m^[[2J^[[H^[[?7h^[[?1;3;4;6l^[[4l^[<, rc=^[8, sc=^[7,
	ind=^J, ri=^[M, ht=^I,
	op=\E[m,
	setab=\E[4%p1%dm, setaf=\E[3%p1%dm,
	setb=\E[%p1%{40}%+%dm, setf=\E[%p1%{30}%+%dm,
	acsc=``aaffggjjkkllmmnnooppqqrrssttuuvvwwxxyyzz{{||}}~~..--++\054\054hhII00,
	smacs=^N, rmacs=^O,
---------------- cut here ---------------------------------------------

      -       terminfo:

           tic xterm.tic

      -       
         vs100,       
        /usr/lib/terminfo/v     vs100

      -     ,    
            v   x.     vs100 
        xterm.

      -   : xterm   /etc/terminfo/x,
         vs100  /usr/terminfo/v.

      -    -     .

      ,    rxvt     
    .



Q:                
   X Window?
A:  ,       XF86Setup,
        , ,
      . ,  , 
           ,    
     ,         
   .    ,   .      
        X Window   3.1, 3.2 
   3.3.        
     X Window      ,   
      ( fntcyr)     
   -   ( fvwm).     
   /etc/X11/XF86Config (    ,    ,  
   Debian' 1.2.7  Mo'Linux         .bak 
     XF86Config,    /usr/X11R6/lib/X11).
   ,    FontPath      
    (  /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic).  
     Keyboard        ,     
     ``Xkb''.     :

        XkbDisable

      /etc/X11    Xmodmap.   , 
        :

keycode 0x71 = Mode_switch
keysym  0x71 = Alt_R
keycode 78 = Scroll_Lock
add mod3 = Mode_switch
add mod3 = Scroll_Lock
keycode 22 = BackSpace
keycode 107 = Delete

  keysym  4             = 4               dollar          4       quotedbl
  keysym  5             = 5               percent         5       colon
  keysym  6             = 6               asciicircum     6       comma
  keysym  7             = 7               ampersand       7       period
  keysym  q             = q               Q               0xCA    0xEA
  keysym  w             = w               W               0xC3    0xE3
  keysym  e             = e               E               0xD5    0xF5
  keysym  r             = r               R               0xCB    0xEB
  keysym  t             = t               T               0xC5    0xE5
  keysym  y             = y               Y               0xCE    0xEE
  keysym  u             = u               U               0xC7    0xE7
  keysym  i             = i               I               0xDB    0xFB
  keysym  o             = o               O               0xDD    0xFD
  keysym  p             = p               P               0xDA    0xFA
  keysym  bracketleft   = bracketleft     braceleft       0xC8    0xE8
  keysym  bracketright  = bracketright    braceright      0xDF    0xFF
  keysym  a             = a               A               0xC6    0xE6
  keysym  s             = s               S               0xD9    0xF9
  keysym  d             = d               D               0xD7    0xF7
  keysym  f             = f               F               0xC1    0xE1
  keysym  g             = g               G               0xD0    0xF0
  keysym  h             = h               H               0xD2    0xF2
  keysym  j             = j               J               0xCF    0xEF
  keysym  k             = k               K               0xCC    0xEC
  keysym  l             = l               L               0xC4    0xE4
  keysym  semicolon     = semicolon       colon           0xD6    0xF6
  keysym  apostrophe    = apostrophe      quotedbl        0xDC    0xFC
  keysym  grave         = grave           asciitilde      0xA3    0xB3
  keysym  z             = z               Z               0xD1    0xF1
  keysym  x             = x               X               0xDE    0xFE
  keysym  c             = c               C               0xD3    0xF3
  keysym  v             = v               V               0xCD    0xED
  keysym  b             = b               B               0xC9    0xE9
  keysym  n             = n               N               0xD4    0xF4
  keysym  m             = m               M               0xD8    0xF8
  keysym  comma         = comma           less            0xC2    0xE2
  keysym  period        = period          greater         0xC0    0xE0


     X Window  Del 
 Xresources    .   . H  
    X Window    .  
,    Xterm  Rxvt   
-fn <___> (      
  ``*'',       .  .  font.dir  
 /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/cyrillic).    
         ,  
   Scroll  Lock (    )    
 .        
  XkbDisable.         
           
 -fn.



A:   /etc/joe      
    UUE ( ,      joe  2.8):

begin 644 joe28rus.tgz
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M0LT#7.C*6Z?)`&:;81R>X`QH!.<++\Z*3C::TL?&;]+%QK[TL-&2#C8.BOXU
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M7+4W,<'=,2S.!N//QAC`O"X:#,0,F:M=QO(ETGN.O0C;$"U*:#IO+`ZJ@-68
MA2I@0^:A"OB0F:@"_F,NJBQ?__ML-`U3FQ5P2X][8]8\QE"IC@XH-;''^
M+JXL2_\H]<+Z[M94DV-MG_@`/AOP9ZOFL]6?]UF[MR?TV6I5]Y92TI#,G)I'
M-;'^VQ\A1NYC69YN:_)?FLE?U9//4[ZJYUPD877UYF3^MZ_W9F$69F$69F$6
F9F$69F$69F$69F$69F$69F$69F$69F$69N'_,/P+75RSIP!X````
`
end

         termcap,
  joe          .   
    : linux -    
    xterm -        rxvt
(   X Window).
          
:

        F1 - 
        F2 - 
        F3 - 
        F7 - 
        F6 -  
        F10 -   

   ,      
 - .


    Q10:      ?


A:     adduser.  man adduser   
   .       deluser    
      /etc/passwd    . ,
           addgroup     . 
                
     /etc/passwd    /etc/group  (    
    shadow).


    Q11:      ?


A:  mount  umount.   man mount    man umount  
    .       
          /etc/fstab    man fstab.
     ,      :

-  (Device)
-    (Mount point)
-    (Type FS)
-  
-   
- 

         fdutils    
 fdmount  fdumount   floppy ,   
 ,          
 mount  umount.


        LILO   DOS?


Q:           Linux     , 
     DOS,     LILO   DOS?
A:          
   Master   IDE ,         
     chain       .   
   /etc/lilo.conf,        Linux    Master
   ,  DOS  Slave.

#    LILO
boot=/dev/hda
# ,   ()  
root=/dev/hda1
#  compact   
compact
#     80x25
#    ask,    
#  .    
# 
vga=normal
#  prompt   boot:  
#       
#   Enter     .
#   delay ,  n 
# ,  LILO  ,   
#      .
#      Ctrl    
# prompt
prompt
# -------------   Linux -------------
#   Linux
image=/vmlinuz
# ,    boot:
label=Linux
read-only
# --------------   DOS --------------
# DOS 
other=/dev/hdb1
# chain 
loader=/boot/any_d.b
# ,    boot:
label=dos
#  ,    DOS
table=/dev/hda


    Q12:    tar ?


Q:      tar   ,    
      .       ?
A: tar        .
        ,     
                 'M'
   (). :

       tar cMzvf /dev/fd0 /usr/local

      ( 'z')    .    
  ,   :

       prepare volume #2 for /dev/fd0 and hit return:

             ,  
    Enter.
           
,     'M'. :

       tar xMzvf /dev/fd0


    Q13:   Linux   DOS'


Q: ,          Linux   DOS' 
     LILO.     ?   ,     
   ?
A:     Linux  DOS',   
       ,   -  
     FAT  DOS'     
      ,   .

   DOS'      :
 -  loadlin.exe  .
 -      (   ,
     ,   
  ).


        vmlinuz   loadlin.exe - 
  DOS,  naprimer  w  c:\loadlin.       
:

  c:\loadlin\loadlin.exe c:\loadlin\vmlinuz root=/dev/hda1 ro

 "ro"       
  read-only,        fsck    
 ,   (  )

root=/dev/hda1 -      Linux 


    Q15:     ,    ?



Q15:     ,      .
      ?
A:  Linux    HDD.   :

        Master   IDE         hda
        Slave   IDE           hdb
        Master   IDE         hdc
        Slave   IDE          hdd

        ()   -  
,              ,
     .  ,     
      fdisk   Linux,    
.


         ps/2 mouse 


Q: ,          X Window 
      PS/2   X Window Server    :
   psaux: device resource is busy?
A: H    General Purpose Mouse   (gpm) -
          
       X Window,         PS/2,  serial
         ( gpm 1.10).  
       X Window         X Window
     gpm.           
           startx,
        /usr/X11R6/bin.    
    

       /etc/init.d/gpm stop

       

       /etc/init.d/gpm start

   H  ,          ,     
    X Window         . 
   ,     X Window   , 
      2-3 .   ,    
   .


    Q17.     //  


Q:           adduser
     - -      
      ,     /etc/skel,  - 
      !   ?
A: H     ,    Debian 1.3.1 adduser
    ,      . 
       :
       -    ,    
           (2:5054/69@Fidonet.org)   
         adduser.diff   /usr/sbin

--------------      ----------------
+++ adduser     Wed Sep  3 10:34:55 1997
@@ -456,9 +456,11 @@
     elsif (-f "$fromdir/$file") {
        open (FILE, "$fromdir/$file") || die "open: $!";
        open (NEWFILE, ">$todir/$file") || die "open: $!";
-
-       print NEWFILE  || (! -s "$fromdir/$file")
+        while(  )
+        {
+       print NEWFILE $_ || (! -s "$fromdir/$file")
            || die "print $todir/$file: $!";
+        }
        close FILE;
        close(NEWFILE)  || die "close $todir/$file ";
---------------    ------------------

       -       

           patch < adduser.diff

                               *  *  *


      FAQ

--- FEddi 0.9pl7 via ifcico
 * Origin:     , ? (2:5054/69.34)

Last-modified: Thu, 16 Oct 1997 07:45:25 GMT

  :