tor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes 0039 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 SMC IDE/ATAPI SCSI 0040 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 SMC Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 0041 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 SMC Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes 0042 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 Western Digital IDE/ATAPI SCSI 0043 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 Western Digital Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 0044 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 Western Digital Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes 0045 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 IDE/ATAPI SCSI 0046 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 0047 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes 0048 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) IDE/ATAPI SCSI 0049 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 0050 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes 0051 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 IDE/ATAPI SCSI 0052 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 0053 EATA-DMA, UltraStor, Future Domain, NCR5380, NCR53c7,8xx, IN2000 Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes 0054 IDE/ATAPI SCSI 0055 Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 0056 Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes 0057 SMC IDE/ATAPI SCSI 0058 SMC Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 0059 SMC Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes 0060 Western Digital IDE/ATAPI SCSI 0061 Western Digital Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 0062 Western Digital Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes 0063 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 IDE/ATAPI SCSI 0064 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 0065 3c503, 3c509, 3c579 Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes 0066 AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) IDE/ATAPI SCSI 0067 AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 0068 AMD LANCE PCnet (AT1500 NE2100) Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes 0069 IDE/ATAPI SCSI 0070 Mitsumi ( IDE/ATAPI), Sony CDU31A/CDU33A/CDU535 0071 Matsushita/Panasonic, Sound Blaster, Aztech/Orchid/Okano/Wearnes

, . boot , , .

, , 'images\2940' ( Adaptec 2940) 'updates\images' ( ).

, PCMCIA boot , . [ , PCMCIA SCSI, boot , "Adaptec"].

, , , boot , . : 

  C> copy e:\redhat\images\1213\bootNNN.gz

NNNN boot

ramdisk CD-ROM: ramdisk1.gz ramdisk2.gz, . 

  C> copy e:\redhat\images\ramdisk1.gz

  C> copy e:\redhat\images\ramdisk2.gz

, gzip:

bootNNNN.gz

ramdisk1.gz

ramdisk2.gz

, gunzip DOS, CD-ROM \DOSUTILS: 

C> E:\dosutils\bootNNNN.gz

  C> E:\dosutils\ramdisk1.gz
  C> E:\dosutils\ramdisk2.gz

. rawrite. " ". rawrite , ( Norton Commander) , .

( boot ramdisk) , .

- . , , , , . '[ ]', ; , -, .

boot A: . LILO. , , . , CD-ROM SCSI-II Sound Blaster . , (). , <Enter>. , . , SCSI ,

"scsi: 0 hosts",

, SCSI. ( ):

"" - , "" .

, . , , . ...

, , ramdisk1 ramdisk2.

, CD-ROM RedHat - ( NFS). , -, , NFS.

:

NFS- CD-ROM. , CD-ROM .

: X-Window

Red Hat - X-Window. - X-Window 640*480*256. , MS Windows X , , 1024*768. UNIX .

. X-Window 8 8 ( 16 RAM). ...

:

, , , , - , -, setup Slackware.

Red Hat Linux

, Red Hat Linux 2.0 2.1, : 

./upgrade

( Perl .) , , : 

./upgrade-test

- . 'telinit 1'. 'telinit 3'.

: /etc/password , etc/password.orig.

Linuxware

X-Window

, , , , X-Windows.

Linux , X-Windows. ! - xcyr X-windows, . , , , .

, X-Windows, . .

, , X-Windows. , X XAP, , OI. - , ! , .

N1 - X-

:

8514a - IBM 8514a , , . -, . -, MCA ( , ), Linux.

Monochrome X server - VGA- . , ! - . .

SVGA server - , , SVGA- . , Trident 8900 ( ). Trident 9000 , "" . ! SVGA- 256 ( ).

VGA server - 16 . VGA-, 256 . , .

. , , .

Windows Accelerator. X-Windows ( MS Windows), .

, . . , ( ) ( VGA-).

N2 - .

, XWindows, , - , MS Windows. , . , , "-".

Xconfig, /usr/X11/lib/X11. , Trident 8900 Xconfig.Trident8900c.

: 

mv Xconfig.Trident8900c Xconfig

( , Trident 8900) . , .

- . , , X-window , , , , .

, Xconfig. : 

RGBPath         "/usr/X386/lib/X11/rgb"

FontPath        "/usr/lib/X11/fonts/75dpi/,/usr/lib/X11/fonts/Speedo/"
Keyboard
AutoRepeat 500 5
ServerNumLock
LeftAlt  Meta
RightAlt Compose
ScrollLock ModeLock
Microsoft "/dev/mouse"
BaudRate 1200
vga256
Virtual 1024 1024
  ViewPort      0 0
  Modes         "800x600" "640x480" "1024x768i"
Chipset "tvga8900c"
Displaysize     800 600
Clocks 25.30 28.32 45.00 36.00 57.30 65.10 50.40 39.90
ModeDB
# name      clock  horizontal timing     vertical timing      flags
"640x480"   25     640  672  768  800    480  490  492  525
"800x600"   36     800  840  912  1024   600  600  602  625
"1024x768i" 45     1024 1048 1224 1264   768  768  776  816   Interlace

. , , . , . , ! , , , setup, Xconfig , , - , , Microsoft.

, PS/2, , Acer, Linux. . "" : 

man Xconfig

. , , . vga256. .

Virtual 1024 1024

. Word for Windows - , . , . Trident 8900 1024*1024. , , , S3 2 .

ViewPort 0 0

. .

Modes

, X-. , , ? . :

DisplaySize 800 600

, X- ( ) 800 600.

Chipset

, . man, , , .

. , , . . , , " " . "" Xconfig Clocks ( ) : 

X -probeonly

, Xconfig. , . , . 90 MHz. . .

, "" .

? , , , - ? ?

, . . -, , - . , , , . , , . , Sun DEC ? , 70 , 30 !

, , "" . , .

? ! :

) ;

) .

X-windows . .

, . . /usr/X11/lib/X11/etc. - modeDB.txt. : 

cat modeDB.txt | less

( . cat - , less , , README).

, Linux , : 

# Monitor:              Seiko CM 1440

# Contributor:          Jeff Jennings [jennings@stortek.com]
# Last Edit Date:       12/9/91
#
# name         clock  horizontal timing     vertical timing      flags
 "1024x768i"    45    1024 1064 1224 1264    768  777  785  817  Interlace
 "1152x900i"    45    1152 1184 1288 1360    900  898  929  939  Interlace

, Xconfig . - !

, . 4, , . , , . . , Multisync, . "", . ( /usr/X11/lib/X11/etc/README.Config. , Videomodes.doc, . , /usr/doc/faq/howto. : 

zcat <  > | less

( zcat

).

4.

? VESA?
640x48060Hz 31.5k25.175M
640x48060Hz 31.5k25.175M
640x48063Hz 32.8k28.322M
640x48070Hz 36.5k31.5M
640x48072Hz 37.9k31.5M
800x60056Hz 35.1k36.0M
800x60056Hz 35.4k36.0M
800x60060Hz 37.9k40.0M
800x60060Hz 37.9k40.0M
800x60072Hz 48.0k50.0M
1024x768i43.5Hz 35.5k44.9M
1024x76860Hz 48.4k65.0M
1024x76860Hz 48.4k62.0M
1024x76870Hz 56.5k75.0M
1024x76870Hz 56.25k72.0M
1024x76876Hz 62.5k85.0M
1280x1024i44Hz 51kHz80.0M
1280x1024i44Hz 47.6k75.0M
1280x102459Hz 63.6k110.0M
1280x102461Hz 64.24k110.0M
1280x102474Hz 78.85k135.0M

N3 - X-windows.

, . Xwindow openwin startx. . . . , , , . , , MS Windows Close, Restore, Kill .

X-window, , MS Windows. , !

N4 - .

, X-Windows - . xcyr. , .

. - Linux . , Linux - - Setup (Remap your keyboard), ( -): 

loadkeys /usr/lib/kbd/keytables/russian.map

mapscrn koi2alt
setfont Cyr_a8x16
printf "\033(K"
echo       <Alt>

, 1.2.13 Slackware cyr1, - , , X-Window, Postscript -, .

, , . , , .

, , Linux Documentation Project - System Administration Guide. , Linux , Internet .

UNIX- Linux , . 1 , . - -1840 -2!

BIOS , , . , , . , BIOS ( ). - (Master Boot Record - MBR).

( 512 ), . , -.

. 512 , . , Linux , .

. . MBR (partition table), , , , , . ( - !), . : .

. , , (, ). - LILO (Linux Loader), , , .

LILO, , ( Linux), .

, . LILO Linux, , , , " ".

, LILO , bootlin bootactv .

, , . , :

, . , , , : 

Uncompressing Linux.....

, SVGA-. , , , 100 40 . ? , 80*25. , 80- , , 132-"" ! , , , .

Linux , ( , , ) . , . /bin/dmesg . , , .

, , : 

Console: colour EGA+ 80x25, 8 virtual consoles

Serial driver version 3.99a with no serial options enabled
tty00 at 0x03f8 (irq = 4) is a 16450
tty01 at 0x02f8 (irq = 3) is a 16450
tty02 at 0x03e8 (irq = 4) is a 16550A
lp_init: lp1 exists, using polling driver
snd2 <SoundBlaster Pro 4.5> at 0x220 irq 10 drq 1
snd6 <SoundBlaster 16 4.5> at 0x220 irq 10 drq 5
snd7 <SoundBlaster MPU-401> at 0x330 irq 10 drq 0
snd1 <Yamaha OPL-3 FM> at 0x388 irq 0 drq 0
Sony I/F CDROM : SONY     CD-ROM CDU33A    Rev 1.0d with tray load mechanism
using 16384 byte buffer, capable of audio playback
Calibrating delay loop.. ok - 7.98 BogoMips
Memory: 6992k/8192k available (532k kernel code, 384k reserved, 284k data)
Floppy drive(s): fd0 is unknown type 0, fd1 is 1.44M
Swansea University Computer Society Net2Debugged [1.30]
IP Protocols: ICMP, UDP, TCP
PPP: version 0.1.2 (4 channels)
TCP compression code copyright 1989 Regents of the University of California
PPP line discipline registered.
SLIP: version 0.7.5 (4 channels)
CSLIP: code copyright 1989 Regents of the University of California
Linux version 1.0.8 (root@mntr) #3 Sun Nov 13 21:19:51 boot ibcs init 1994
Partition check:
hda: hda1 hda2
hdb: hdb1 < hdb5 > hdb2 hdb3 hdb4
VFS: Mounted root (ext2 filesystem) readonly.

! Linux . , Sound Blaster IRQ7, - IRQ10 ! . , Zyxel 9600.

, , , Linux . ! , , . , , !

. root filesystem ( ). rdev).

, , . , , Linux ( - panic mode) " ".

/etc/init (PID=1), /etc/inittab, , - /etc/rc. ( ), , . , - /etc/rc.

, , . /etc/inittab: 

#   ( 5).

id:5:initdefault:
#    
si:S:sysinit:/etc/rc.d/rc.S
#   
su:S:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.K
#   
rc:123456:wait:/etc/rc.d/rc.M
#      
ca::ctrlaltdel:/sbin/shutdown -t3 -rf now
#      (  
#  )
pf::powerfail:/sbin/shutdown -f +5 "THE POWER IS FAILING"
#   ,   
pg:0123456:powe