:




,  ,    /etc/X11/xorg.conf
    Option         "XkbLayout" "us,ru(phonetic)"
    Option         "XkbOptions" "grp:alt_shift_toggle"

  /etc/X11/xkb/symbols/pc/ru



  ~/.Xdefaults 
xterm*font: -misc-fixed-medium-r-normal--20-200-75-75-c-100-koi8-r



http://corefonts.sourceforge.net/



setxkbmap -rules xfree86 -model pc105 -layout us,ru -option \
 "grp:ctrl_shift_toggle,grp_led:scroll" -variant ",winkeys"

   :

setxkbmap -layout us,ru(phonetic) -option "grp:ctrl_shift_toggle,grp_led:scroll"




  1. control center  kde 
  2.   xkb (   ) --  
  3.  "".  ,   
  4.    HotKey,      "
  ",   Ctrl-Alt-K.  "", 
   .   Ctrl+Shift     ,
    .
  5. "".
 Origin: http://www.livejournal.com/community/ru_linux/55918.html

Also avalable Package: xxkb

  Description: Keyboard state indicator and switcher for xkb



      Linux'      ,   
 (   ) :

  /etc/X11/XF86Config-4  # .   -  phonetic

Section "InputDevice"
	Identifier  "Keyboard0"
	Driver      "keyboard"
        Option      "CoreKeyboard"
	Option "XkbRules" "xfree86"
	Option "XkbModel" "pc104"
        Option     "XkbLayout" "us,ru(phonetic)"
#       Option     "XkbVariant"  "base"
#       Option     "XkbVariant"  "winkeys"
        Option     "XkbOptions"  "grp:alt_shift_toggle,grp_led:scroll"
EndSection


Origin: http://www.inp.nsk.su/~baldin/Cyrillic-HOWTO-russian-beta/Cyrillic-HOWTO-russian.html

  X- ................... /etc/X11/XF86Config
     :
                                               Option	"XkbRules"    "xfree86"
    ............................. Option	"XkbModel"    "pc105"
    ..........................if  [ LRH 8.0 ]
                                               Option  "XkbLayout"   "ru"
    ..........................else if  [ LRH 9.0 ]
                                               Option  "XkbLayout"   "su,ru"
  KOI8-R (/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/symbols.dir)  Option 	"XkbVariant"  "phonetic"
   ALT -  /  Option  "XkbOptions"  "grp:toggle"

 .......................... /etc/sysconfig/i18n
                          .......... LANG="ru_RU.UTF-8"

                              /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/compat/iso9995
                                 indicator "Scroll Lock" {
           Sroll-Lock
          .

     -    /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb  -   LRH 8.0
                  skra





            
ru_RU.KOI8-R  ru_RU.koi8r.          
ls,       koi8.

:  /etc/profile   ~/.profile  ~/.bashrc

export     LANG=ru_RU.KOI8-R
export LC_CTYPE=ru_RU.KOI8-R

    

export LANG=ru_RU.koi8r
export LC_CTYPE=ru_RU.koi8r



   KDE    !
 KDE   __   

export     LANG=ru_RU.KOI8-R.KOI8-R
export LC_CTYPE=ru_RU.KOI8-R



LC_CTYPE=                     Rk        ,         
LC_CTYPE=ru_RU.koi8r          Rk      ,   
LC_CTYPE=ru_RU.KOI8-R         Rk      ,   
LC_CTYPE=ru_RU.KOI8-R.KOI8-R  Rk        ,   

:    Rk    emacs'a 

unset LANG
unset LC_CTYPE



  /etc/X11/XF86Config-4

Section "InputDevice"
	Identifier  "Keyboard0"
	Driver      "keyboard"
        Option      "CoreKeyboard"
	Option "XkbRules" "xfree86"
	Option "XkbModel" "pc101"
        Option     "XkbLayout"   "ru"           #  
        Option     "XkbVariant"  "phonetic"     #  qwerty/
#       Option     "XkbVariant"  "base"         #  qwerty/
#       Option     "XkbVariant"  "winkeys"
        Option     "XkbOptions"  "grp:alt_shift_toggle"
EndSection





1.   cyrfonts.      *.bdf  *.pcf

   mkdir cyrfonts
   cp *.bdf *.pcf cyrfonts

     :      PCF  
BDF      ,         ,
    X    FONT-  ,  FONT- 
    .BDF    ,   
.  bdf-   bdftopcf.

2.                  
X-server' : fonts.dir

   cd cyrfonts
   mkfontdir

3.  X-server',       

   xset +fp $HOME/cyfonts
   xset fp rehash

4.   .

   xterm -fn koi9x15
   mailtool -fn koi6x10

    ..




5.   X-Windows    FONTPATH

     

FONTPATH=$HOME/cyrfonts: export FONTPATH   #    /bin/sh  bash  ksh

setenv FONTPATH $HOME/cyrfonts: #   C-Shell  /bin/csh    tcsh


6.        .

   cp *.bdf /usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc
   cd /usr/lib/X11/fonts/misc
   mkfontdir
   xset fp rehash

7.    XFree86,      /etc/X11/XF86Config

      FontPath	"/home/yourname/cyrfonts/"

8.       .Xdefaults  .

      .Xdefaults  :

font.name:              koi9x15
icon.font.name:         koi6x10

XTerm*font:             koi6x10
XTerm*VT100*font1:	koi6x10
XTerm*VT100*font2:	koi8x13
XTerm*VT100*font3:	misc16
XTerm*VT100*font4:	misc24
XTerm*VT100*font5:	demos8x14
XTerm*VT100*font6:	demos8x16

emacs.font:	        koi9x15
emacs.default_font:	koi9x15



            .    NeWS
   .

1.     NeWS

convertfont *.bdf

2.    NeWS server'
bldfamily

3.    ,    X11

xset +fp `pwd`     #  ,  .
xset  fp rehash    #      

.

    Synonims.list    alia.
       .



  X-Windows   .   
xfed, fontedit, xfd.     ,   .

xfed font.bdf

convertfont -v font       font.vfp
fontedit font.vfp

  convertfont  -b ?? font.vfp     font.ff



        . (   
 ,   ).  

   xmodmap   --.xmm

 / -  CapsLock
   ,  

   xmodmap   default.xmm





 XF86Config:

 Section Keyboard
 LeftAlt      Meta
 AltGr        ModeShift
 Right_Ctl    ModeLock
 ScrollLock   ScrollLock
 EndSection

       Ctrl,     
CapsLock  .




   Xfree_3.3.2
    ,  
   /etc/X11/XFconfig

 Section "Keyboard"
 #    XkbDisable
    Protocol        "Standard"
    XkbRules        "xfree86"
    XkbModel        "pc101"
    XkbLayout       "us"
    XkbOptions      "grp:shift_toggle"
 EndSection

  :
   grp                   Group Shift/Lock behavior
   grp:switch            Right Alt switches group while pressed
   grp:toggle            Right Alt changes  group
   grp:shift_toggle      Both Shift keys together change group
   grp:ctrl_shift_toggle Control+Shift changes group
   grp:ctrl_alt_toggle   Alt+Control changes group



           SUN  (    ),
           .keytable  
 openwin.  / -   AltGraph



keymap_ed -i 1101



  $HOME/.inputrc 
set meta-flag on
set convert-meta off
set output-meta on

   .profile 
LC_CTYPE=iso_8859_1  export LC_CTYPE
LC_LOCALE=iso_8859_1 export LC_LOCALE
LESS="-e -r"         export LESS #     



        .  



1.    Solaris 2.3, :

  "" (  X11) Sun'  
  .  : textedit, cmdtool, mailtool

2.      Solaris  2.5  2.4.   , 
   emacs, xterm, xedit.

3.             
ctype, LC_LOCALE, LC_CTYPE, -lc_basic_locale , NLS, and so on.

    :

LC_LOCALE=iso_8859_1 export LC_LOCALE
LC_CTYPE=iso_8859_1  export LC_CTYPE
LANG=iso_8859_1      export LANG



   Netscape  3      encoding  koi8-r.  
   koi8-r ( as  iso8859-1),
  ,    as  Family  (Mswin)-*-iso8859-1 
    8-        
 .

      charset=koi8-r

  .Xdefaults :

Netscape*defaultCharset:                koi8-r
Netscape*localeCharset*C:               koi8-r
Netscape*localeCharset*koi8-r:          koi8-r
Netscape*localeCharset*koi8-u:          koi8-r
Netscape*localeCharset*ru:              koi8-r
Netscape*localeCharset*ru_SU:           koi8-r
Netscape*localeCharset*ru_SU.KOI8-R:    koi8-r



  Linux -     
     ALT.



       Applixware  -    (140Mb)    Unix
(/AIX/Linux/SCO/...),    ,  
-    ,        ,    image-editor,
-, html-,    ..
          ,   Winword-6 
WABI 2.2b

 Applixware    
http://triton.itep.ru/ru/skynet/system.html
>        TTF-  Applix-e -  ,
>   ,         
>   ( TTF).          PostScript.

 From:   

     -         .   
:    Applix'  -  
 ttf'        :)   
   . (     rtf  -  
).
       - ttf'   
-      ,  ..      
   400 ( ).


    UTF8 -  netscape 4.72


Edit -> preferences -> fonts
  "1) Use my default fonts,overriding document specified fonts"
For encoding: Unicode-2-0
  Variable fonts: helvetica >= 18     Allow scaling NO
  Fixed fonts:    fixed     >= 18     Allow scaling NO

Ok

View -> Encoding: Latin1

           linux RedHat 7+

        RedHat -  ,
  .


  /etc/sysconfig/i18n

#   LANG    
#   
LANG="ru_RU.koi8r"
LC_ALL="ru_RU.koi8r"
LINGUAS="ru_RU.koi8r"
#SYSFONT="koi8-8x16"
SYSFONT="cyr-sun16"
SYSFONTACM="koi8-r"

 /etc/sysconfig/keyboard

#   
KEYTABLE="ru"
# KEYTABLE="ru_win"

 .profile

#  "ru" /  LANG  shell'
alias ru='if [ -z "$LANG" ] ; then export LANG=ru_RU.koi8r LC_CTYPE=ru_RU.koi8r ; else unset LANG LC_CTYPE ; fi ; echo "LANG=$LANG\nLC_CTYPE=$LC_CTYPE\n" ;'

       X-windows


     Slackware 9, 10


Origin: http://mls.by.ru/
       3      .
     cabextract-0.6-i386-1dl.tgz
     freetype2-2.1.4rc2-i386-4dl.tgz
     webfonts-1.0-i386-3dl.tgz
        4- .
         -    .
       : 
      webfonts.tar.gz      /usr/share/webfonts,
      
      ./sh doinst.sh.

       9 Slackware.(., .)
     :
     1.   /etc/rc.d/rc.font
     setfont Cyr_a8x16
     mapscrn koi2alt
     for n in 1 2 3 4 5 6; do
     echo -ne "\033(K" > /dev/tty$n
     done

     2.   /etc/rc.d/rc.keymap
     loadkeys ru-ms.map

     3. /etc/profile.d/lang.sh
     export LC_ALL=
     export LANG=ru_RU.KOI8-R
     export LC_NUMERIC=C
     export LC_TIME=ru_RU.KOI8-R
     export LC_COLLATE=ru_RU.KOI8-R
     export LC_MONETARY=ru_RU.KOI8-R
     export LC_MESSAGES=ru_RU.KOI8-R
     export LC_PAPER=ru_RU.KOI8-R
     export LC_NAME=ru_RU.KOI8-R
     export LC_ADDRESS=ru_RU.KOI8-R
     export LC_TELEPHONE=ru_RU.KOI8-R
     export LC_MEASUREMENT=ru_RU.KOI8-R
     export LC_IDENTIFICATION=ru_RU.KOI8-R
        LC_ALL=ru_RU.KOi8-R, 
             ,
       LICQ.

     4. /usr/share/locale
         locale.alias   russian :
     russian ru
     ru ru_RU
     ru_RU ru_RU.KOI8-R
        .

     5. /etc/X11
       XF86Config    :
     Section "InputDevice"
     Identifier "Keyboard0"
     Driver "keyboard"
     Option "AutoRepeat" "500 30"
     Option "XkbRules" "xfree86"
     Option "XkbModel" "pc105"
     Option "XkbLayout" "us,ru(winkeys)"
     Option "XkbOptions" "grp:ctrl_shift_toggle,grp_led:scroll"
     EndSection
     us,ru - 

     6.  
        truetype ,     ,
       fonts.cache-1    /usr/X11R6/bin/fc-cache


       LaTeX


\usepackage[koi8-r]{inputenc}
\usepackage[russian]{babel}



     ,   copy-paste  Emacs


1.  :

export LANG="C"
export LC_CTYPE="ru_RU.KOI8-R"
export LC_COLLATE="ru_RU.KOI8-R"
export LC_TIME="C"

(     cut-n-paste,
 export LANG="C" ,   
   -).

2.   .emacs
(set-language-environment 'cyrillic-KOI8)
(set-selection-coding-system 'x-ctext-with-extensions)

Origin: http://www.livejournal.com/users/tiphareth/545870.html


        Gnome 2.14


 /etc/environment:

                          G_FILENAME_ENCODING="@locale"
                          G_BROKEN_FILENAMES=1


Last-modified: Sat, 16 Dec 2006 20:32:35 GMT

  :