. , make . , boot: a:/usr/src/uts/unix ( <CR> ). , root, /usr/src/uts make install : mv /unix /unixold mv unix / /unixold, - . . , - , . , , - /unix, [, ps(1)] . , /unix, ps . , /unixold  /unix. UNIX mkuts(8) .  7.  - . ( ), , . - UNIX - , , .  7.1.   -  UNIX - root /etc/mkmini fd mkmini(1M) shell. - . mkmini -, - . - (800 ) - - 30 . , dd if=/dev/rdsk/fd of=/dev/mt bs=256k .  7.2.    : - . hd0s0 mount /dev/dsk/hd0s0 /mnt , - . cd /mnt find . -print | cpio -omv | strout /etc/strout 256 . - . : - . hd0s0 mount /dev/dsk/hd0s0 /mnt . cd /mnt dd if=/dev/mt bs=256k | cpio -idmvu . , cpio(1) , - . hd0s0 , fsck /dev/dsk/hd0s0 . fsck - , hd0s0 mkfs /dev/dsk/hd0s0 50000 1 216 - . - backup(8) . , , shell- copall(1) restall(1).  8.     - sysadm(1M). : diskmgmt - - . - , - . - . filemgmt - , , . - . machinemgmt - - , - , . packagemgmt - , - , . softwaremgmt - - , - . syssetup - , - , , , .. - . ttymgmt - usermgmt - - , . sysadm - - . sy- sadm 20 - . - , .   A    . /.profile root'; , . /bin - . /dev . /dss (). . delo . /etc : TIMEZONE , . addprofile Shell-, . - , . checklist - . fstab . gettydefs , - getty. group . init.d - . inittab init. issue , - . magic " ". . mnttab ; . motd , . passwd . profile Shell-, . rcn.d - , n. termcap . - . ttytype . wtmp - . - , . /install , - sysadm. /lib , . /lost+found , - , . /mnt "" - . /net DMFS. /shlib . /tmp ; . /udd . /unix - UNIX. /usr , , . adm . , pacct - . , - ; , , . bin - . binb . include . lib ( - ). terminfo - . acct - ; holi- days . mail [. mail(1) ma- ilx(1)]. news [. news(1)]. spool (, - ). cron/crontabs - [. cron(1)]. src - . tmp . - . . /util , .   B   UNIX , . , ( ).  : bcheckrc, brc(1M), getty(1M), init(1M), rc2(1M).  : finito(1M), rc0(1M), shutdown(1M).  UNIX: add(1M), addconf, addkern(1M), config(1M).  : crash(1M), fsdb(1M).  : acctcms(1M), acctcon1, acctcon2, acctdisk, acctdusg, acct- merg(1M), accton, acctprc1, acctprc2, acctwtmp, chargefee, ckpacct, diskusg(1M), dodisk, errdead(1M), errdemon(1M), errpt(1M), errstop(1M), fwtmp(1M), lastlogin, monacct, nulladm, prctmp, prdaily, prfdc, prfld, prfpr, prfsnap, prfstat, prtacct, runacct(1M), sa1, sa2, sadc, shutacct, startup, stra- ce(1M), strclean(1M), strerr(1M), turnacct, wtmpfix.  : bcopy(1M), copyto, dcopy(1M), download(1M), finc(1M), frec(1M), fscv(1M), link(1M), mvdir(1M), saveto(1M), unlink, volcopy(1M).  : cleall(1M), clri(1M), dfsck, format(1M), fsck(1M), install(1M), labelit(1M), mkfs(1M), mkmini(1M), mknod(1M), mount(1M), moun- tall(1M), pitio(1M), setmnt(1M), swap(1M), sync(1M), tstmo- de(1M), umount, umountall.  : devnm(1M), ff(1M), fsstat(1M), fstyp(1M), fuser(1M), ncheck(1M), volume(1M).  : captoinfo(1M), infocmp(1M), tic(1M).  : accept(1M), lpadmin(1M), lpmove, lpsched(1M), lpshut, reject.  : chroot(1M), killall(1M).  : grpck, nuser(1M), pwck(1M).  : uucheck(1M), uucico(1M), uucleanup(1M), uugetty(1M), uusc- hed(1M), uutry(1M), uuxqt(1M).  : helpadm(1M), sysadm(1M), uadmin(1M).   C    accept - /usr/lib/accept  ... acctcms - /usr/lib/acct/acctcms [-a [-p] [-o]] [-c] [-j] [-n] [-s] [-t]  ... -a . -p , . -o , - . -c . -j , , "***other". -n - . -s , - acctcms. -t tacct [. acct(4)]. acctcon1 - /usr/lib/acct/acctcon1 [-p] [-t] [-l ] [-o ] -p , - . -t , . acctcon2 - /usr/lib/acct/acctcon2 acctdisk - /usr/lib/acct/acctdisk acctdusg - /usr/lib/acct/acctdusg [-u 1] [-p 2] acctmerg - /usr/lib/acctmerg [-a] [-i] [-p] [-t] [-u] [-v] [ ...] -a tacct. -i , - tacct. -p . -t , . -u , . -v , . accton - /usr/lib/acct/accton [] acctprc1 - /usr/lib/acct/acctprc1 [] acctprc2 - /usr/lib/acct/acctprc2 acctwtmp - /usr/lib/acct/acctwtmp "" add - UNIX /etc/add [-o _] [-m master_] [-d dfile_] [-u ] [-t _] [-s __] [-l] _ ... -l conf.o low.o. addconf - addkern /etc/addconf [-t] [-l ] [-c ] [-m master_] [-b ] [dfile_] -t - . addkern - UNIX /etc/addkern [-a ] [-a _] [-x ] [-f ] [-l] -l - addkern. bcheckrc - /etc/bcheckrc bcopy - /etc/bcopy brc - /etc/brc captoinfo - termcap terminfo captoinfo [-v ...] [-V] [-1] [-w ]  ... -v . -v . -V cap- toinfo . -1 . chargefee - /usr/lib/acct/chargefee _  chroot - /etc/chroot _  ckpacct - /usr/adm/pacct /usr/lib/acct/ckpacct [_] cleall - cleall clri - /etc/clri _ _ ... config - UNIX- /etc/config [-t] [-l ] [-c ] [-m master_] [-b ] [dfile_] -t - . copyto - /etc/copyto [hd*] [mt] [fd*] [cpio] [_find] crash - /etc/crash [-d __] [-n ___] [-w _] dcopy - /etc/dcopy [-s _] [-a []] [-d] [-v] [-f __[:__]] __ __ -d . -v , , , . devnm - /etc/devnm [_ ...] dfsck - /etc/dfsck [__1] __1 ... - [__2] __2 ... diskusg - /usr/lib/acct/diskusg [-s] [-v] [-i ___] [-p ____] [-u _] [ ...] -s , , - , diskusg. -v , . dodisk - /usr/lib/acct/dodisk [-o] [ ...] -o - - . download - download [-t ] [-d ] [-b ] [-s __] _ _ errdead - /etc/errdead __ [___] errdemon - /usr/lib/errdemon [] errpt - errpt [-s ] [-e ] [-a] [-p _] [-f] [ ...] -a . -f . errstop - /etc/errstop [___] ff - /etc/ff [-I] [-l] [-p ] [-s] [-u] [-a ] [-m ] [-c ] [-n ] [-i __] _ -I . -l , . -s . -u . finc - /etc/finc [_] _  finito - /etc/finito format - /etc/format/ _ frec - , /etc/frec [-p ] [-f _]  _: ... fsck - /etc/fsck [-y] [-n] [-s[___:]] [-S[___:]] [-t ] [-q] [-D] [-f] [_ ...] -y , . -n , . . -q - , . -D . -f . (1 ) (5 - ). -b , . fscv - MC680x0 VAX-11/780 /etc/fscv [-v] [-m] __ [__] -v MC680x0 VAX. -m VAX MC680x0. fsdb - /etc/fsdb _ [-] - . fsstat - /etc/fsstat _ fstyp - /etc/fstyp _ fuser - , /etc/fuser [-k] [-u]  ... [-] [[-k] [-u]  ...] -u ( ). -k SIGKILL. - . fwtmp - / /usr/lib/acct/fwtmp [-ic] -ic - . getty - , /etc/getty [-h] [-t _]  [ [_ [___]]] /etc/getty -c  -h - . grpck - /etc/grpck [_] helpadm - /etc/helpadm infocmp - , terminfo infocmp [-d] [-c] [-n] [-I] [-L] [-C] [-r] [-u] [-s [d] [i] [l] [c]] [-v] [-V] [-1] [-w ] [-A ] [-B ] [ ...] -d , -  . -c , . -n , . -I terminfo(4). -L , - . -C termcap. -r termcap. -u terminfo  . -s , : d , - terminfo; i terminfo-; l C-; c termcap-. -v . -V . -1 . init - /etc/init [0] [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [S] [s] [Q] [q] [a] [b] [c] install - /etc/install [-c _1] [-f _2] [-i] [-n _3] [-m _] [-u ] [-g ] [-o] [-s]  [ ...] -i . -o OLD. -s , . killall - /etc/killall [] labelit - /etc/labelit _ [_ _ [-n]] -n . . lastlogin - /usr/lib/acct/lastlogin link - /etc/link 1 2 lpadmin - /usr/lib/lpadmin [-p [[-c] [-e] [-h] [-i] [-l] [-m] [-r] [-v]]] [-x] [-d[]] -h . -l -. lpmove - /usr/lib/lpmove   /usr/lib/lpmove 1 2 lpsched - /usr/lib/lpsched lpshut - /usr/lib/lpshut mkfs - /etc/mkfs _ [_[:_]] [] [ ___] mkmini - , UNIX /etc/mkmini _ [mkfs_] mknod - /etc/mknod  [b] [c] _ _ /etc/mknod  p b . c . p . monacct - /usr/lib/acct/monacct  mount - /etc/mount [[-r] [-f _] _ ] /etc/mount [[-r] [-d]  ] -r . -d . mountall - /etc/mountall [-] [__ ...] - . mvdir - /etc/mvdir _ _ ncheck - /etc/ncheck [-i _ ...] [-a] [-s] [_] -a . ... -s . nulladm - /usr/lib/acct/nulladm  nuser - ߴ /etc/nuser pitio - pitio [-c] [-l_] [-r] [-t] [_] -c Centronics. -r . -t _. prctmp - /usr/lib/acct/prctmp  [""] prdaily - /usr/lib/acct/prdaily [-l] [-c] [] -l . -c . prfdc - UNIX /etc/prfdc  [ [_]] prfld - UNIX /etc/prfld [____] prfpr - UNIX /etc/prfpr  [_ [____]] prfsnap - UNIX /etc/prfsnap  prfstat - /etc/prfstat on /etc/prfstat off prtacct - tacct /usr/lib/acct/prtacct  [""] pwck - /etc/pwck [_] rc0 - /etc/rc0 rc2 - /etc/rc2 reject - /usr/lib/reject [-r []]  ... runacct - /usr/lib/acct/runacct [ []] sa1 - /usr/lib/sa/sa1 [ ] sa2 - /usr/lib/sa/sa2 [-u] [-b] [-d] [-y] [-c] [-w] [-a] [-q] [-v] [-m] [-A] [-s ] [-e ] [-i ] -u . -b . -d . -y . -c . -w . -a . -q . -v , , , . -m . -A . -udqbwcayvm. sadc - /usr/lib/sa/sadc [ ] [_] saveto - /etc/saveto [hd*] [mt] [fd*] [cpio] [_find] setmnt - /etc/setmnt shutacct - /usr/lib/acct/shutacct [""] shutdown - , ߴ /etc/shutdown [-y] [-g] [-i_] -y . startup - /usr/lib/acct/startup strace - strace [_ _ ] ... strclean - strclean [-d ] [-a ] strerr - strerr swap - /etc/swap [-a  _ ] [-d  _] [-l] -l . sync - sync sysadm - sysadm [ ...] tic - terminfo tic [-v[]] [-c]  -c  . tstmode - /etc/tstmode _ _ turnacct - /usr/lib/acct/turnacct [on] [off] [switch] uadmin - ߴ /etc/uadmin   umount - /etc/umount _ /etc/umount [-d]  -d . umountall - /etc/umountall [-k] -k , , SIGKILL. unlink - /etc/unlink  uucheck - uucp /usr/lib/uucp/uucheck [-v] [-x _] -v , uucp - Permissions. uucico - uucp /usr/lib/uucp/uucico [-r ] [-x _] [-i ] [-d _] -s  uucleanup - /usr/lib/uucp/uucleanup [-C ] [-D ] [-W ] [-X ] [-m _] [-o ] [-s ] [-x _] uugetty - /usr/lib/uucp/uugetty [-h] [-t _] [-r]  [ [_ [___]]] /usr/lib/uucp/uugetty -c  -h - . -r . uusched - uucp /usr/lib/uucp/uusched [-x _] [-u _] Uutry - /usr/lib/uucp/Uutry [-x _] [-r]  -r . uuxqt - /usr/lib/uucp/uuxqt [-s ] [-x _] volcopy - /etc/volcopy [-a] [-s] __ _ _1 _ _2 -a . -s "DEL if wrong". volume - /etc/volume [-u] [-t] [-s] [-h] [-c] [-l] [_ ...] -u . -t . -s . -h . -c . -l - . wtmpfix - / /usr/lib/acct/wtmpfix [ ...]