om perevode --  "de Púkel-mensen", v shvedskom --  "Pukel-männen".


     <i>Rope-walk</i>. |to slovo ne vklyucheno v ukazatel', odnako v [IV.1] ono vstrechaetsya v kachestve special'nogo termina,
oboznachayushchego masterskuyu po izgotovleniyu verevok. Sm. <i>Tighfield</i>.


     <i>Smials</i>.
Isklyuchitel'no hobbitskoe slovo (ne iz
vseobshchego), oznachayushchee "nora"; ego sleduet ostavit' bez izmenenij.
Imenno takuyu formu moglo by prinyat' drevneanglijskoe slovo "smygel" ("nora") esli by ono sohranilos' do
nashih dnej. Tot zhe koren' vstrechaetsya v nastoyashchem imeni Golluma (Gollum), <i>Sm&eacute;agol</i>. Sm. prilozhenie F<a
style='mso-endnote-id:edn7' href="#_edn7" name="_ednref7">[vii]</a>.


     <i>Springle-ring</i><a
style='mso-footnote-id:ftn175' href="#_ftn175" name="_ftnref175">[175]</a>. Vydumannoe slovo. Sleduet sozdat' takoe zhe --  podhodyashchee
k yazyku perevoda --  nazvanie dlya energichnogo tanca, v kotorom tancory chasto
podprygivayut i derzhatsya za ruki.


     <i>Tale</i> v slovosochetanii "Tale of Years<a style='mso-footnote-id:
ftn176' href="#_ftn176" name="_ftnref176">[176]</a>" oznachaet "schet, perechislenie".


     <i>Westmansweed</i>. Podlezhit perevodu, tak kak eto slovo na vseobshchem,
"trava (rastenie) lyudej Zapada" (rech' idet o zhitelyah <i>Westernesse, N&uacute;menor</i>).


     <i>Yule</i>. |to analog <i>Lithe</i>, prihodyashchijsya na zimnee solncestoyanie. Vo
"Vlasteline Kolec" on upomyanut tol'ko v prilozhenii D, a "Midwinter" (zimnee solncestoyanie) vstrechaetsya v osnovnom
tekste tol'ko odin raz<a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn177' href="#_ftn177"
name="_ftnref177">[177]</a>.
U el'fov ne bylo prazdnika zimnego solncestoyaniya, poetomu v Rivendell ego ne prazdnovali. Sodruzhestvo<a style='mso-footnote-id:
ftn178' href="#_ftn178" name="_ftnref178">[178]</a>,
odnako, vyshlo v put' 25 dekabrya --  togda etomu dnyu ne pridavali nikakogo
osobennogo znacheniya, tak kak "Yule" (ili ego analog) prihodilsya na poslednij den' goda
i pervyj den' sleduyushchego goda. Odnako 25 dekabrya (data vyhoda) i 25 marta (den'
zaversheniya missii) byli vybrany mnoj namerenno.


     Pri perevode slovo "Yule", kak i
"Lithe", sleduet schitat' inoyazychnym slovom, ne vstrechayushchimsya, voobshche
govorya, vo vseobshchem. Poetomu ego sleduet sohranit', vidoizmeniv napisanie v
sootvetstvii s yazykom perevoda (naprimer v nemeckom i datskom --
"Jule"). V sovremennom anglijskom slovo "Yule" vstrechaetsya
(po bol'shej chasti v kachestve arhaicheskogo, knizhnogo), no eto sluchajnost' --  ne
sleduet polagat', chto eto ili rodstvennoe emu slovo takzhe vstrechalos' i vo
vseobshchem yazyke togo vremeni; kalendar' hobbitov byl polnost'yu otlichen ot
oficial'nyh kalendarej na vseobshchem. Mozhno, odnako, predpolozhit', chto kakaya-to
variaciya etogo slova byla v hodu u severyan, kotorye stali sostavlyat'
znachitel'nuyu chast' naseleniya Gondora (sm. prilozhenie A), i vposledstvii
ispol'zovalas' v Rohane, tak chto nekoe slovo, pohozhee na "Yule", bylo
horosho izvestno v Gondore v kachestve "severnogo nazvaniya" prazdnika
zimnego solncestoyaniya. Primerno tak zhe v sovremennom nemeckom vstrechaetsya
"Jul" (severnoe zaimstvovanie?) v slovah "Julblock"
(bol'shoe poleno, szhigaemoe v sochel'nik) i "Julklapp". To zhe samoe
spravedlivo v otnoshenii shvedskogo i datskogo yazykov; v Skandinavii, konechno,
slovo "Jule" budet horosho ponyatno chitatelyu.






<br>

<hr align=left width="33%">






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn1' href="#_ftnref1"
name="_ftn1">[1]</a> Poskol'ku sushchestvuet mnozhestvo razlichnyh izdanij
"Vlastelina Kolec" na russkom yazyke s razlichnoj numeraciej stranic, v
perevode byli ostavleny tol'ko ukazaniya na nomer knigi (ot odnogo do shesti) i
nomer glavy, naprimer [IV.7]; prilozheniya k "Vlastelinu kolec" nazyvayutsya prosto
"prilozhenie A (B, C, D, E ili F)", hotya v russkih
izdaniyah prilozheniya numeruyutsya inogda ciframi, a inogda russkimi bukvami.
(Zdes' i dalee prim. perev.).






     <a href="#_ftnref2"
name="_ftn2">[2]</a> To est' okonchanie mnozhestvennogo chisla.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn3' href="#_ftnref3"
name="_ftn3">[3]</a> Vseobshchim ("Common Speech" v originale) nazyvaetsya odin iz yazykov, na
kotoryh govoryat geroi "Vlastelina Kolec". Sm. prilozhenie F.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn4' href="#_ftnref4"
name="_ftn4">[4]</a> Francuzskoe vyrazhenie "cul-de-sac", voshedshee v
anglijskij yazyk, bukval'no perevoditsya kak "dno meshka" i oznachaet
"tupik". "Bag End" --  ego doslovnyj perevod na anglijskij.
Anglijskoe slovo "pudding-bag" (bukval'no "meshok, v kotorom varitsya
puding", takzhe tak mogut nazyvat'sya drugie meshki s dnom) ispol'zuetsya
zdes' v perenosnom znachenii "tupik". Sm. Bag End v razdele "Geograficheskie nazvaniya".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn5' href="#_ftnref5"
name="_ftn5">[5]</a> "Wight" --  "sushchestvo, tvar'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn6' href="#_ftnref6"
name="_ftn6">[6]</a> "Beech" --  "buk"; "bone" --  "kost',
kostyak" i dr.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn7' href="#_ftnref7"
name="_ftn7">[7]</a> "Big
folk", "big people" --  "bol'shoj narod".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn8' href="#_ftnref8"
name="_ftn8">[8]</a> "Black captain" --  "chernyj predvoditel'"; "black one" --  "chernyj
(kto-to ili chto-to chernoe)"; "black riders" --  "chernye vsadniki".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn9' href="#_ftnref9"
name="_ftn9">[9]</a> "Brace" --  "natyagivat'"; "girdle" --  "poyas,
kushak".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn10' href="#_ftnref10"
name="_ftn10">[10]</a> Bukval'nyj perevod francuzskoj familii Boileau ("drink" --  pit', "water" --  voda).






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn11' href="#_ftnref11"
name="_ftn11">[11]</a> Kosulya i lan' otnosyatsya k semejstvu olenej.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn12' href="#_ftnref12"
name="_ftn12">[12]</a> "Bookland" (bukval'no "knizhnaya zemlya") --
"obshchinnaya zemlya, darovannaya kakomu-libo licu".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn13' href="#_ftnref13"
name="_ftn13">[13]</a> Bukval'no --  "dom barsuka".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn14' href="#_ftnref14"
name="_ftn14">[14]</a> Bukval'no --  "nory".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn15' href="#_ftnref15"
name="_ftn15">[15]</a> "Barley" --  "yachmen'"; "-man" v slozhnyh slovah
oznachaet zanyatie, professiyu.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn16' href="#_ftnref16"
name="_ftn16">[16]</a> "Captains of the west" --  "predvoditeli (voenachal'niki,
polkovodcy) zapada".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn17' href="#_ftnref17"
name="_ftn17">[17]</a> "The chief" --  "glava, rukovoditel'; nachal'nik, shef; vozhd' (plemeni, klana);
vlastitel', povelitel'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn18' href="#_ftnref18"
name="_ftn18">[18]</a> "Piraty, korsary".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn19' href="#_ftnref19"
name="_ftn19">[19]</a> "Dark lord" --  "temnyj vlastelin", "dark power" --  "temnaya
sila".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn20' href="#_ftnref20"
name="_ftn20">[20]</a> "The dead" --  "mertvye, umershie, pokojniki",
zdes', veroyatno, "mertvecy".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn21' href="#_ftnref21"
name="_ftn21">[21]</a> "Elder" --  arhaichnaya forma sravnitel'noj stepeni ot
"old"
--  "staryj, drevnij". Takzhe "elder" oznachaet "starshij (po vozrastu ili
polozheniyu)", "predshestvuyushchij, bolee rannij", "starinnyj,
drevnij". "Kindred" --  "rod", "race" --  "rasa;
rod, plemya, narod", "people" --  "narod".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn22' href="#_ftnref22"
name="_ftn22">[22]</a> "Drug el'fov".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn23' href="#_ftnref23"
name="_ftn23">[23]</a> "Elven" --  "el'fijskij" (zdes' --
"el'fijskie"), "smiths" --  "kuznecy". Anglijskoe slovo
"elfin"
oznachaet "otnosyashchijsya k el'fam, feyam, skazochnyj, volshebnyj; miniatyurnyj i
prokazlivyj, pohozhij na el'fa".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn24' href="#_ftnref24"
name="_ftn24">[24]</a> Majkl Drejton (1563-1631) --  anglijskij poet.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn25' href="#_ftnref25"
name="_ftn25">[25]</a> Anglijskoe slovo "changeling", perevedennoe zdes' kak
"podmenysh", ispol'zovano v originale v znachenii "rebenok,
podbroshennyj el'fami vzamen pohishchennogo". "Changeling" mozhet oznachat' takzhe "slaboumnyj,
durak".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn26' href="#_ftnref26"
name="_ftn26">[26]</a> "The Enemy"
bukval'no oznachaet "Vrag". Krome togo, slovosochetaniya "the Enemy", "the old enemy" v anglijskom
yazyke oboznachayut d'yavola, satanu.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn27' href="#_ftnref27"
name="_ftn27">[27]</a> Bukval'no --  "vechernyaya zvezda".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn28' href="#_ftnref28"
name="_ftn28">[28]</a> "Fair" --  prekrasnyj, krasivyj (takzhe mozhet
oznachat' "belokuryj", "svetlyj"); "bairn" i "child" --  rebenok.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn29' href="#_ftnref29"
name="_ftn29">[29]</a> "SHkura, kozha".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn30' href="#_ftnref30"
name="_ftn30">[30]</a> "Fallow-deer" --  "lan'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn31' href="#_ftnref31"
name="_ftn31">[31]</a> "Hvatat', shvatit'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn32' href="#_ftnref32"
name="_ftn32">[32]</a> "Fang" (nem.) --  "lov, lovlya; ulov, dobycha", takzhe "past'
(volka, lisicy, sobaki)", "fangen" --  "lovit', pojmat'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn33' href="#_ftnref33"
name="_ftn33">[33]</a> "Fatty" --  "polnyj, tuchnyj"; "lumpish" --
"tolstyj, besformennyj; korenastyj, neuklyuzhij, nepovorotlivyj; tupoj,
glupyj".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn34' href="#_ftnref34"
name="_ftn34">[34]</a> "Fell
riders" --  "svirepye vsadniki".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn35' href="#_ftnref35"
name="_ftn35">[35]</a> "Fellowship
of the ring" --  "sodruzhestvo kol'ca".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn36' href="#_ftnref36"
name="_ftn36">[36]</a> Bukval'no --  "paporotnikovyj".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn37' href="#_ftnref37"
name="_ftn37">[37]</a> "Fire" --  "ogon'"; "foot" --
"noga"






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn38' href="#_ftnref38"
name="_ftn38">[38]</a> Bukval'no --  "pervorozhdennye".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn39' href="#_ftnref39"
name="_ftn39">[39]</a> Bukval'no ­--  "klecka v muke". Veroyatno,
eto imya svyazano s rasskazom v [I.9], gde skazano, chto Will Whitfoot byl "zasypan melom i vyskochil, pohozhij na
klecku, obvalyannuyu v muke".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn40' href="#_ftnref40"
name="_ftn40">[40]</a> "Free folk; free lords of the free; free peoples" ­--  "svobodnye; svobodnye vlastiteli
svobodnyh; svobodnye narody."






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn41' href="#_ftnref41"
name="_ftn41">[41]</a> "Gamgee tissue", sokrashchenno prosto "gamgee" --
raznovidnost' perevyazochnogo materiala iz vaty, ispol'zuemogo v hirurgii,
nazvanie obrazovano ot familii hirurga ZH.S.Gemdzhi.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn42' href="#_ftnref42"
name="_ftn42">[42]</a> Tzh. "Tale
of Gamelyn"






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn43' href="#_ftnref43"
name="_ftn43">[43]</a> Bukval'no --  "kozlinyj list".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn44' href="#_ftnref44"
name="_ftn44">[44]</a> "Geissblatt" po-nemecki "zhimolost'", "Geiss" --
"koza", "blatt" --  "list".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn45' href="#_ftnref45"
name="_ftn45">[45]</a> Bukval'no --  "zolotaya yagoda". Okonchanie
"-berry"
chasto ispol'zuetsya v anglijskih nazvaniyah yagod.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn46' href="#_ftnref46"
name="_ftn46">[46]</a> Bukval'no --  "velikij vrag". Sm. takzhe
snosku k stat'e "The Enemy".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn47' href="#_ftnref47"
name="_ftn47">[47]</a> "Grey company" --  zdes' "seryj otryad".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn48' href="#_ftnref48"
name="_ftn48">[48]</a> Drevneangl. gr&#275;g, "seryj" i hama, "obolochka, odezhda, pokrov".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn49' href="#_ftnref49"
name="_ftn49">[49]</a> "Grey host" --  "seroe vojsko".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn50' href="#_ftnref50"
name="_ftn50">[50]</a> "Grey pilgrim" --  "seryj piligrim, strannik".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn51' href="#_ftnref51"
name="_ftn51">[51]</a> "Guardian" --  "strazh; zashchitnik, hranitel'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn52' href="#_ftnref52"
name="_ftn52">[52]</a> "Healer(s)" ­--  "celitel'(i)".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn53' href="#_ftnref53"
name="_ftn53">[53]</a> "Heather" --  "veresk"; "toes" --  "pal'cy
nog".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn54' href="#_ftnref54"
name="_ftn54">[54]</a> "Hole-man" --  "zhitel' nory"






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn55' href="#_ftnref55"
name="_ftn55">[55]</a> "Horn blower" --  "gornist; rozhechnik (muzykant,
igrayushchij na rozhke)"






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn56' href="#_ftnref56"
name="_ftn56">[56]</a> |to proizvedenie (po-anglijski "Reynard the Fox") --  srednevekovyj
satiricheskij zhivotnyj epos. SHiroko izvestna poema I.V.Gete
"Rejneke-lis", predstavlyayushchaya soboj perevod odnogo iz variantov etogo
eposa na nemeckij yazyk. Odnim iz personazhej poemy Gete yavlyaetsya volk, kotorogo
v russkom perevode zovut Izegrim.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn57' href="#_ftnref57"
name="_ftn57">[57]</a> "Leaf" --  "list (rasteniya)"; "lock" --
"lokon".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn58' href="#_ftnref58"
name="_ftn58">[58]</a> "Marigold" --  "nogotok" (cvetok).






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn59' href="#_ftnref59"
name="_ftn59">[59]</a> A imenno --  lyutik zolotistyj.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn60' href="#_ftnref60"
name="_ftn60">[60]</a> "Mugwort" --  polyn' obyknovennaya. Mozhet takzhe
oboznachat' drugie rasteniya roda polyn'.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn61' href="#_ftnref61"
name="_ftn61">[61]</a> "Necromancer" --  "nekromant".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn62' href="#_ftnref62"
name="_ftn62">[62]</a> "Old"
--  "staryj".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn63' href="#_ftnref63"
name="_ftn63">[63]</a> V perevode na anglijskij i mnogie drugie
evropejskie yazyki slovo "slon" nachinaetsya s bukvy "e".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn64' href="#_ftnref64"
name="_ftn64">[64]</a> "Beovul'f" --  drevnij anglo-saksonskij
epos, sohranivshijsya v edinstvennoj rukopisi 10 v. na drevneanglijskom yazyke.
Ego 112-aya stroka --  "eotenas ond ylfe&#8195;ond orcneas," (veroyatno, vmesto "orc-nass" v tekste
Tolkina sleduet chitat' "orcneas").






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn65' href="#_ftnref65"
name="_ftn65">[65]</a> Veroyatno oshibka, dolzhno byt' "&thorn;yrs".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn66' href="#_ftnref66"
name="_ftn66">[66]</a> "Pick" --  mnogoznachnoe slovo, zdes', vozmozhno,
oznachaet "vonzat', vtykat'" (sr. "picked" --  "kolyuchij; ostrokonechnyj,
zaostrennyj"); "thorn" --  "ship, kolyuchka". Vozmozhno takzhe
imeetsya v vidu "pick a thorn" --  "vytashchit' zanozu".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn67' href="#_ftnref67"
name="_ftn67">[67]</a> "Pimple" --  "pryshch, papula, ugor'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn68' href="#_ftnref68"
name="_ftn68">[68]</a> "Proud" zdes', veroyatno, --  "velikolepnyj,
gordelivyj, velichavyj"; "foot" --  "stupnya". Tolkin pishet ob odnom
iz hobbitov: "on zvalsya Proudfoot i ves'ma zasluzhenno --  u nego byli bol'shie,
pokrytye mehom stupni".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn69' href="#_ftnref69"
name="_ftn69">[69]</a> "Quick" --  "bystryj, provornyj"; "beam" --  "balka,
brevno" (ot drevneanglijskogo "b&#275;am", "derevo, kusok dereva").






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn70' href="#_ftnref70"
name="_ftn70">[70]</a> "Ring" --  "kol'co", "wraiths" --
"prizraki".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn71' href="#_ftnref71"
name="_ftn71">[71]</a> "Skin" --  "kozha", "bark" --  "kora".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn72' href="#_ftnref72"
name="_ftn72">[72]</a> Bukval'no --  "malen'kaya nora".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn73' href="#_ftnref73"
name="_ftn73">[73]</a> Bukval'no --  "snezhnaya griva".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn74' href="#_ftnref74"
name="_ftn74">[74]</a> Bukval'no --  "puh chertopoloha".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn75' href="#_ftnref75"
name="_ftn75">[75]</a> Bukval'no --  "tot, kto revet kak byk".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn76' href="#_ftnref76"
name="_ftn76">[76]</a> V slovare Webster's New International Dictionary (1927) est' stat'ya "bullroarer": "Derevyannaya doshchechka, privyazannaya k
koncu remnya. Takoe nazvanie dano ej potomu, chto pri vrashchenii doshchechka izdaet
preryvistyj revushchij zvuk. Instrument ispol'zuetsya v religioznyh obryadah
(osobenno u avstralijskih aborigenov) i schitaetsya ves'ma drevnim. U
civilizovannyh narodov on sohranilsya v kachestve igrushki".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn77' href="#_ftnref77"
name="_ftn77">[77]</a> Bukval'no --  "boroda dereva".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn78' href="#_ftnref78"
name="_ftn78">[78]</a> "Two" --  "dva, dve", "foot" --
"stupnya".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn79' href="#_ftnref79"
name="_ftn79">[79]</a> Bukval'no --  "pod holmom".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn80' href="#_ftnref80"
name="_ftn80">[80]</a> "Wand" --  "prut, palochka", "limb" --
"konechnost'", takzhe "suk, vetka".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn81' href="#_ftnref81"
name="_ftn81">[81]</a> Bukval'no --  "lesnye woses".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn82' href="#_ftnref82"
name="_ftn82">[82]</a> "Ashen" imeet dva znacheniya: "pepel'nyj, iz
pepla" i "pepel'nyj (o cvete)".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn83' href="#_ftnref83"
name="_ftn83">[83]</a> Sm. snosku k stat'e "Baggins" v razdele
"Lichnye imena i nazvaniya narodov".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn84' href="#_ftnref84"
name="_ftn84">[84]</a> "Bagshot" --  zdes' "vybroshennyj iz Bag", "row" --  "ryad
domov, ulica".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn85' href="#_ftnref85"
name="_ftn85">[85]</a> "Down" --  nizkaya, bezlesnaya vozvyshennost'.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn86' href="#_ftnref86"
name="_ftn86">[86]</a> Odno iz znachenij "barrow" --  "tachka".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn87' href="#_ftnref87"
name="_ftn87">[87]</a> "Field" --  pole.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn88' href="#_ftnref88"
name="_ftn88">[88]</a> "Battle" --  "boevoj", "gardens" --
"sady", "pit" --  "yama, uglublenie; zapadnya;
preispodnyaya".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn89' href="#_ftnref89"
name="_ftn89">[89]</a> "Better" --  "luchshee, luchshij".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn90' href="#_ftnref90"
name="_ftn90">[90]</a> "Black country, black land " --  "chernaya strana, chernaya zemlya".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn91' href="#_ftnref91"
name="_ftn91">[91]</a> "Black stone" --  "chernyj kamen'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn92' href="#_ftnref92"
name="_ftn92">[92]</a> "Black root" --  "chernyj istok, koren'", "vale" --
"dolina".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn93' href="#_ftnref93"
name="_ftn93">[93]</a> "Blessed" - "schastlivyj, blazhennyj", "realm" --
"korolevstvo, gosudarstvo".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn94' href="#_ftnref94"
name="_ftn94">[94]</a> "Bonfire" --  "koster", "glade" --
"progalina".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn95' href="#_ftnref95"
name="_ftn95">[95]</a> "Brandy" --  "brendi", "wine" --
"vino".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn96' href="#_ftnref96"
name="_ftn96">[96]</a> "Hill"
--  "holm", "land"
--  "zemlya".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn97' href="#_ftnref97"
name="_ftn97">[97]</a> "Ford" --  "brod".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn98' href="#_ftnref98"
name="_ftn98">[98]</a> "Bulge" --  "vypuklost',
vspuchivanie; vypyachivat'sya, vydavat'sya, vypirat'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn99' href="#_ftnref99"
name="_ftn99">[99]</a> Bukval'no --  "u Water". Slovo "water" imeet znachenie "vodoem; ozero, reka,
prud".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn100' href="#_ftnref100"
name="_ftn100">[100]</a> Slovosochetanie "the cleft (of the spider)" perevoditsya kak "rasselina
(pauka)", pri etom slovo "cleft" ("rasshchelina") obrazovano ot
"cleave",
"rassekat', prorubat'" i oznachaet bukval'no "prorezannyj".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn101' href="#_ftnref101"
name="_ftn101">[101]</a> "Cloudy head" --  "oblachnaya vershina".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn102' href="#_ftnref102"
name="_ftn102">[102]</a> Sovremennye slovari perevodyat anglijskoe
vyrazhenie "the crack of doom" kak "trubnyj glas, vozveshchayushchij den'
strashnogo suda".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn103' href="#_ftnref103"
name="_ftn103">[103]</a> Veroyatno, zdes' "crick" --  ustarevshee
slovo, oznachayushchee "nebol'shoj zaliv ili buhta; ust'e reki; rukav reki;
pritok; ruchej, nebol'shaya reka", takzhe "uzkij, izvilistyj prohod;
skrytyj ili tajnyj zakoulok".






     <a href="#_ftnref104"
name="_ftn104">[104]</a> "Coomb" - "lozhbina; ovrag; uzkaya dolina".






     <a href="#_ftnref105"
name="_ftn105">[105]</a> V rannih izdaniyah "Vlastelina Kolec"
eti nazvaniya pisalis' kak <i>Deeping</i><i> Coomb</i> i <i>Deeping</i><i> Stream</i>, v bolee pozdnih --  <i style='mso-bidi-font-style:
normal'>Deeping</i><i>-coomb</i><i></i> i
<i>Deeping-stream</i>.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn106' href="#_ftnref106"
name="_ftn106">[106]</a> "Tarnkappe" --  "shapka-nevidimka" (nem.),
"tarnen"
--  "maskirovat', kamuflirovat'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn107' href="#_ftnref107"
name="_ftn107">[107]</a> Dark Door --  "temnaya dver'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn108' href="#_ftnref108"
name="_ftn108">[108]</a> Soderzhit slova "dim" ("neyasnyj, tumannyj, pogruzhennyj v
polut'mu") i "rill", "rucheek; rodnik, istochnik".
"Dale"
oznachaet "dolina", "gate" --  "vorota", "stair" --
"lestnica; stupen'ka".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn109' href="#_ftnref109"
name="_ftn109">[109]</a> "Dum" --  "glupyj"
(shvedsk.).






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn110' href="#_ftnref110"
name="_ftn110">[110]</a> Drevneanglijskoe slovo "d&#363;n" oznachaet
"gora, vershina", a "hearg" --  "hram, zhertvennik, svyatilishche,
idol".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn111' href="#_ftnref111"
name="_ftn111">[111]</a> Harrou(-on-te-Hill) --  v nastoyashchee vremya okrug v
Velikobritanii.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn112' href="#_ftnref112"
name="_ftn112">[112]</a> "Emnet" --  "ravnina"
(drevneangl.).






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn113' href="#_ftnref113"
name="_ftn113">[113]</a> "Vostochnyj farthing".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn114' href="#_ftnref114"
name="_ftn114">[114]</a> "Elvenhome, elven door, elven river" --  "dom el'fov, dver' el'fov, reka
el'fov".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn115' href="#_ftnref115"
name="_ftn115">[115]</a> Soglasno slovaryam drevneanglijskogo yazyka, slovo
"w&aelig;sc" (sootvetstvuet sovremennomu anglijskomu
"wash") oznachaet "omovenie, myt'e,
stirka".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn116' href="#_ftnref116"
name="_ftn116">[116]</a> "Dales" --  "doliny".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn117' href="#_ftnref117"
name="_ftn117">[117]</a> "Fen" --  "boloto, top'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn118' href="#_ftnref118"
name="_ftn118">[118]</a> Drevneanglijskoe slovo "holt" (sm. stat'yu Dimholt) i anglijskoe
"wood"
oznachayut "les", a drevneanglijskoe "feld" --  "ravnina; obrabatyvaemaya zemlya"
(anglijskoe "field" --  "pole").






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn119' href="#_ftnref119"
name="_ftn119">[119]</a> "Gladden fields" --  "irisnye luga". Tolkin utochnyaet v
odnom iz pisem, chto imeetsya v vidu shiroko rasprostranennyj zheltyj iris (zheltyj
kasatik), iris pseudacorus, a ne iris foetidissima.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn120' href="#_ftnref120"
name="_ftn120">[120]</a> "River"
--  "reka".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn121' href="#_ftnref121"
name="_ftn121">[121]</a> "Golden
Perch" --  "zolotoj okun'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn122' href="#_ftnref122"
name="_ftn122">[122]</a> "Hallows" --  "svyatye", "svyatilishcha"
ili "relikvii" (ustarevshee slovo).






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn123' href="#_ftnref123"
name="_ftn123">[123]</a> "Deep" --  bukv. "glubokoe mesto", tzh.
"bezdna, propast'", "dike" --  "rov; zemlyanaya ili kamennaya
ograda", "gate" --  "vorota; vhod, vyhod; gornyj prohod".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn124' href="#_ftnref124"
name="_ftn124">[124]</a> "Hill of guard" --  "holm strazhi".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn125' href="#_ftnref125"
name="_ftn125">[125]</a> "Hoar" --  "belyj; serovato-belogo cveta".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn126' href="#_ftnref126"
name="_ftn126">[126]</a> Po povodu "-ton" sm. stat'yu Cotton v razdele "Lichnye imena i nazvaniya
narodov".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn127' href="#_ftnref127"
name="_ftn127">[127]</a> "Burg" --  "gorod", "rock" --
"skala".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn128' href="#_ftnref128"
name="_ftn128">[128]</a> "Lake" --  "ozero".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn129' href="#_ftnref129"
name="_ftn129">[129]</a> "Lock", "lock up" --  "zapirat'", "holes" --  "nory".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn130' href="#_ftnref130"
name="_ftn130">[130]</a> "Long" --  "dlinnyj".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn131' href="#_ftnref131"
name="_ftn131">[131]</a> "House" --  "dom".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn132' href="#_ftnref132"
name="_ftn132">[132]</a> "Midgewater marshes" bukval'no oznachaet "bolota komarinoj
vody".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn133' href="#_ftnref133"
name="_ftn133">[133]</a> "Temnyj, mrachnyj les".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn134' href="#_ftnref134"
name="_ftn134">[134]</a> "Steklyannoe ozero" ili "zerkal'noe
ozero". Mirrormere --  "zerkal'noe ozero" (mere --  poet. "ozero").






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn135' href="#_ftnref135"
name="_ftn135">[135]</a> "Severnyj Farthing".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn136' href="#_ftnref136"
name="_ftn136">[136]</a> Bukval'no --  "verhnie nebesa".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn137' href="#_ftnref137"
name="_ftn137">[137]</a> Slovo "cleft", kotoroe zdes' perevedeno kak
"ushchel'e", mozhet oznachat' v anglijskom yazyke takzhe
"prorublennyj".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn138' href="#_ftnref138"
name="_ftn138">[138]</a> Amty (oblasti) ispol'zuyutsya v
administrativno-territorial'nom delenii Danii. Islandskoe sushchestvitel'noe
"s&yacute;sla" imeet dva osnovnyh
znacheniya: "zanyatie, rabota, dela" i "okrug, rajon,
prefektura". Analogichnym obrazom datskoe slovo "syssel" oznachaet
"delo, zanyatie", ranee takzhe ispol'zovalos' kak nazvanie edinicy
administrativno-territorial'nogo deleniya. Odno iz osnovnyh znachenij shvedskogo
slova "syssla" --  "zanyatie, delo".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn139' href="#_ftnref139"
name="_ftn139">[139]</a> Bukval'no --  "snezhnyj ruchej".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn140' href="#_ftnref140"
name="_ftn140">[140]</a> "Stadel" --  "ambar, saraj; senoval".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn141' href="#_ftnref141"
name="_ftn141">[141]</a> Slovo "stark" oznachaet "okostenelyj,
okostenevshij", a takzhe "okochenevshij, zastyvshij; okochenelyj,
ohladelyj".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn142' href="#_ftnref142"
name="_ftn142">[142]</a> "Stark-naked" --  "sovershenno golyj, v chem mat'
rodila".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn143' href="#_ftnref143"
name="_ftn143">[143]</a> "Stone" --  "kamen'", "wain" --
"telega" (poet.), "valley" --  "dolina".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn144' href="#_ftnref144"
name="_ftn144">[144]</a> "Stone" --  "kamen'", "land" --
"zemlya". Slovo "stoning" zdes', veroyatno, oznachaet "mostyashchij
(oblicovyvayushchij) kamnem".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn145' href="#_ftnref145"
name="_ftn145">[145]</a> Bukval'no --  "solnechnye zemli".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn146' href="#_ftnref146"
name="_ftn146">[146]</a> Veroyatno, soderzhit drevneangl. "sunne",
"solnce" (sovr. angl. "sun") i svyazano s drevneangl. "land", "lond" --
"zemlya" (sovr. angl. "land").






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn147' href="#_ftnref147"
name="_ftn147">[147]</a> "Neck" --  zdes' "peresheek".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn148' href="#_ftnref148"
name="_ftn148">[148]</a> "Teeth of Mordor" --  "zuby Mordora".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn149' href="#_ftnref149"
name="_ftn149">[149]</a> "Three-farthing
stone" bukval'no oznachaet "kamen'
treh farthing'ov".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn150' href="#_ftnref150"
name="_ftn150">[150]</a> "Field" --  "pole".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn151' href="#_ftnref151"
name="_ftn151">[151]</a> "Bashnya, citadel'".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn152' href="#_ftnref152"
name="_ftn152">[152]</a> "Tree" --  "derevo".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn153' href="#_ftnref153"
name="_ftn153">[153]</a> "Bourn" --  "ruchej" (sm. snosku k stat'e <i>Snowbourn</i>).






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn154' href="#_ftnref154"
name="_ftn154">[154]</a> Bukval'no --  "storozhevoj les".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn155' href="#_ftnref155"
name="_ftn155">[155]</a> "Way" --  "doroga, put'", "meet" --
"vstrechat'sya, peresekat'sya".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn156' href="#_ftnref156"
name="_ftn156">[156]</a> "Weather" --  "pogoda, shtorm, nepogoda",
"top"
--  "vershina".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn157' href="#_ftnref157"
name="_ftn157">[157]</a> "King Horn" --  nazvanie rycarskogo romana v stihah,
sushchestvuyushchego v razlichnyh versiyah na anglijskom i francuzskom yazykah.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn158' href="#_ftnref158"
name="_ftn158">[158]</a> "West" --  "zapad, zapadnyj".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn159' href="#_ftnref159"
name="_ftn159">[159]</a> "West" sm. vyshe.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn160' href="#_ftnref160"
name="_ftn160">[160]</a> "West" sm. vyshe.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn161' href="#_ftnref161"
name="_ftn161">[161]</a> "Furrow" --  "pahotnaya zemlya".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn162' href="#_ftnref162"
name="_ftn162">[162]</a> Anglijskoe slovo "wild" imeet, v chastnosti, znacheniya "dikij;
dikorastushchij; nekul'tivirovannyj" i "devstvennaya priroda; lono
prirody" (poet.).






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn163' href="#_ftnref163"
name="_ftn163">[163]</a> "Wind" --  "vit'sya, izvivat'sya".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn164' href="#_ftnref164"
name="_ftn164">[164]</a> Sleduet otmetit', chto na samom dele "withywind" --  eto
nazvanie lomonosa vinogradolistnogo (Clematis vitalba), lazyashchego kustarnika, ne prinadlezhashchego k
semejstvu v'yunkovyh.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn165' href="#_ftnref165"
name="_ftn165">[165]</a> K anglijskim izdaniyam "Vlastelina
Kolec" prilagaetsya ukazatel' vseh imeyushchihsya v knige imen sobstvennyh,
razbityj na tri razdela, tak zhe, kak i dannoe rukovodstvo.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn166' href="#_ftnref166"
name="_ftn166">[166]</a> Bukval'no --  "drevnie dni". Privedennyj
v stat'e kommentarij otnositsya k slovu "elder" --  "bolee drevnij". Sm. takzhe
snosku k stat'e "Elder Kindred" v razdele "Lichnye imena i nazvaniya
narodov".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn167' href="#_ftnref167"
name="_ftn167">[167]</a> "Ever" --  "vsegda; navsegda, navechno".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn168' href="#_ftnref168"
name="_ftn168">[168]</a> V originale ispol'zovano nazvanie "wood anemone", kotoroe
mozhet otnosit'sya k razlichnym lesnym rasteniyam roda anemon, no v Evrope obychno
oboznachaet vetrenicu dubravnuyu.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn169' href="#_ftnref169"
name="_ftn169">[169]</a> "King's" --  "korolevskij, prinadlezhashchij
korolyu".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn170' href="#_ftnref170"
name="_ftn170">[170]</a> "Leaf" --  "list".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn171' href="#_ftnref171"
name="_ftn171">[171]</a> "Old Toby" --  "staryj Tobi".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn172' href="#_ftnref172"
name="_ftn172">[172]</a> V sovremennom anglijskom "vinogradnik"
--  eto "vineyard".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn173' href="#_ftnref173"
name="_ftn173">[173]</a> Okonchanie "-men" zdes' oznachaet "lyudi",
"narod".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn174' href="#_ftnref174"
name="_ftn174">[174]</a> Ustarevshee slovo, sinonim k "puck", "Puck", oznachayushchij "el'f, zloj duh-prokaznik, domovoj, leshij".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn175' href="#_ftnref175"
name="_ftn175">[175]</a> "Springle" --  razgovornoe slovo, proizvodnoe ot "spring"
("prygat'"); "ring" ("kol'co, krug") zdes', veroyatno,
svyazano s vyrazheniem "to dance in a ring" --  "tancevat', vzyavshis' za ruki (vstav
v krug)".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn176' href="#_ftnref176"
name="_ftn176">[176]</a> Bukval'no --  "perechislenie let".






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn177' href="#_ftnref177"
name="_ftn177">[177]</a> Veroyatno, zdes' oshibka. Na samom dele "Yule" vstrechaetsya v
osnovnom tekste dvazhdy, a "Midwinter" --  ni razu. Vprochem, v rannih izdaniyah
"Vlastelina Kolec" tekst otlichalsya v nekotoryh mestah ot sovremennyh
izdanij.






     <a style='mso-footnote-id:ftn178' href="#_ftnref178"
name="_ftn178">[178]</a> Rech' idet o "fellowship of the ring", "sodruzhestve kol'ca".





<br>

<hr align=left width="33%">






     <a style='mso-endnote-id:edn1' href="#_ednref1"
name="_edn1">[i]</a> "Devochkam hobbity obychno davali imena cvetov
ili dragocennyh kamnej."






     <a style='mso-endnote-id:edn2' href="#_ednref2"
name="_edn2">[ii]</a> "U Fallohides kozha byla belee, a volosy --  svetlee; oni
otlichalis' sravnitel'no vysokim rostom i strojnost'yu."






     <a style='mso-endnote-id:edn3' href="#_ednref3"
name="_edn3">[iii]</a> "Imena zhitelej Buckland ot prinyatyh v ostal'nom Shire neskol'ko otlichalis'. Kak uzhe bylo skazano,
zhiteli Marish i ih rodichi na drugom beregu Brandywine, byli i v ostal'nom dovol'no svoeobychnymi
hobbitami. Net somnenij, chto mnogie iz svoih ves'ma i ves'ma dikovinnyh imen
oni zaimstvovali iz togo samogo yazyka, na kotorom govorili v bylye vremena Stoors yuzhnoj vetvi. Takie
imena ya, kak pravilo, ostavlyal kak est'. Vozmozhno, na nash sluh oni kazhutsya
strannymi, no tak zhe stranno zvuchali oni i v ushah sovremennikov.  V ih zvuchanii my, vozmozhno, smutno chuvstvuem
chto-to 'kel'tskoe'.


     Poskol'ku sledy prezhnego yazyka Stoors i lyudej Bree sohranilis' podobno tomu, kak v Anglii
sohranilis' nekotorye kel'tskie korni, ya inogda staralsya vosproizvesti
poslednie v moem perevode."






     <a style='mso-endnote-id:edn4' href="#_ednref4"
name="_edn4">[iv]</a> "Imya Gimli, ravno kak i imena vseh ego
rodichej, proishodit iz yazyka severyan (lyudej) ... Pri  takom podhode mozhno takzhe adekvatno perevesti specificheskie
hobbitskie slovechki severnogo proishozhdeniya ... Eshche bolee severnoe narechie (na
nem govorili v Dale) v etoj knige predstavleno tol'ko v imenah gnomov, kotorye prishli iz teh
zemel' i brali 'vneshnie' imena iz yazyka tamoshnih lyudej."






     <a style='mso-endnote-id:edn5' href="#_ednref5"
name="_edn5">[v]</a> "Rohirrim narekli ih Dunland i Dunlending, poskol'ku oni
byli smuglye i temnovolosye."






     <a style='mso-endnote-id:edn6' href="#_ednref6"
name="_edn6">[vi]</a> "V knige 'Hobbit' ispol'zuetsya slovo 'dwarves', hotya v slovaryah
napisano, chto mnozhestvennoe chislo ot 'dwarf' ('karlik; gnom') --  eto 'dwarfs'. Ono dolzhno bylo by byt' 'dwarrows' (ili 'dwerrows') ... YA osmelilsya
vospol'zovat'sya slovom 'dwarves', chtoby podcherknut' razlichie s personazhami glupyh
baek bolee pozdnih vremen. 'Dwarrows' by podoshlo eshche luchshe, no ya upotrebil etu formu
tol'ko v nazvanii Dwarrowdelf."






     <a href="#_ednref7"
name="_edn7">[vii]</a> "Sootvetstvenno, 'smial' (ili 'smile'),
'nora' moglo by vesti svoe proishozhdenie ot smygel, chto udachno predstavlyaet vzaimosvyaz' hobbitskogo 'tr&acirc;n' i
rohanskogo 'trahan'. Sm&eacute;agol
i  D&eacute;agol --
sozdannye podobnym zhe obrazom iskusstvennye ekvivalenty k podlinnym Trahald ("royushchij noru, vvinchivayushchijsya vglub'") i
Nahald ("tajnyj"), kak
oni zvuchali na severnyh yazykah."