Putevoditel' po konfiguracionnym fajlam Unix.
Kornevoj katalog "/"
bin - katalog naibolee upotrebitel'nyh komand pol'zovatelya.
sbin - utility sistemnogo administratora
eto vse, chto u nego budet v odnopol'zovatel'skom rezhime
dev - "ustrojstva" - special'nye fajly
etc - mesto dlya konfiguracionnyh fajlov
tmp - katalog vremennyh fajlov - dlya sistemy i dlya pol'zo-
vatelej. CHistitsya pri kazhdoj zagruzke.
lib - biblioteki i fajly, ispol'zuemye kompilyatorami, raz-
delyaemye biblioteki
shlib - razdelyaemye biblioteki
usr - strashno govorit', no chego tam tol'ko net
mnt - "dezhurnyj" katalog, dlya podmontirovaniya
fajlovyh sistem
var - izmenyaemye konfiguracionnye i sluzhebnye fajly
home - zdes' zhivut "usery"
export - "eksportiruemye" fajly. V chastnosti, soderzhit fajlovye
sistemy dlya bezdiskovyh klientov, montiruyushchih ih po NFS
proc - psevdo-fajlovaya sistema otobrazhaet sostoyanie zapushchennyh
processov
stand - razdel s zagruzochnymi fajlami (unix, kdebug)
tftpboot "zagruzchiki" dlya bezdiskovyh klientov
unix - yadro operacionnoj sistemy. - obyknovennyj vypolnyaemyj
fajl. Vozmozhno, chto lezhit on ne v /, i nazyvaetsya po
drugomu (naprimer vmunix, vmlinuz)
lost+found - katalog, kuda pri remonte fajlovoj sistemy sklady-
vayutsya fajly, "poteryavshie" svoi imena.
Katalog /etc - mesto dlya konfiguracionnyh fajlov
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passwd zdes' opredeleny vse pol'zovateli
shadow ih paroli (v zakodirovannom vide)
group gruppy pol'zovatelej
aliases sinonimy pochtovyh adresov lokal'nyh pol'zovatelej
ftpusers spisok pol'zovatelej, na kotoryh nel'zya ftp-it'sya
shells spisok normal'nyh "shell'ov"
issue fajl, soderzhimoe kotorogo vydaetsya na ekran pered
priglasheniem k vhodu v sistemu.
motd fajl, soderzhimoe kotorogo vydaetsya na ekran posle
priglasheniya k vhodu v sistemu.
ttydefs parametry terminal'nyh linij
TIMEZONE fajl s informaciej o chasovom poyase, v kotorom
nahoditsya komp®yuter
uucp konfiguracionnye fajly sistemy UUCP
mail konfiguracionnye fajly sistemy mailx/sendmail
vfstab tablica montiruemyh fajlovyh sistem
dfs/dfstab tablica eksportiruemyh v NFS katalogov
auto_home karty avtomaticheski montiruemyh katalogov dlya automount
auto_master
format.dat parametry vseh vozmozhnyh diskov
hosts imena i IP adresa lokal'nyh host'ov
networks zadaet simvolicheskie imena IP setej
netmasks net maski IP setej
ethers ethernet'nye adresa bezdiskovyh klientov
hosts.equiv spisok host'ov, kotorym pozvoleno delat' u nas rsh
defaultdomain zadaet NDS domen
resolv.conf kto sluzhit nam DNS serverom
inetd.conf konfiguracionnyj fajl inetd demona
services sootvetstvie nomerov TCP portov ih simvolicheskim imenam
named.boot startovaya konfiguraciya servera DNS
inittab shema raboty processa init.
rc0.d/ katalogi s komandnymi fajlami, kotorye zapuska-
rc2.d/ yut pri perehode na/s sootvetstvuyushchego urovnya
rc3.d/ vypolneniya
init.d/ a etom kataloge lezhat kopii VSEH takih fajlov vmeste
rc0, rc2, rc3 Komandnye fajly, kotorye ih zapuskayut
magic Tablica s "magicheskimi chislami". Ispol'zuetsya koman-
doj file dlya opredeleniya tipa binarnogo fajla.
termcap fajl s opisaniyami terminalov v formate termcap
wtmp Fajl s informaciej o seansah raboty pol'zovatelej v
sisteme. Rekomenduetsya inogda opustoshat' ego.
Katalog /usr
sadm - fajly sistemnogo administratora
adm - nakaplivaemaya informaciya o rabote sistemy i
pol'zovatelej
bin - utility
sbin - utility sistemnogo administratora
ucb/bin - utility, harakternye dlya BSD Unix
mail - katalog pochtovoj sluzhby.
man - dokumentaciya sistemy v man formate
tmp - vremennye fajly. Ochishchaetsya pri zagruzke
include - include fajly dlya kompilyatora C
lib - biblioteki - sistemnye, pol'zovatel'skie,
razdelyaemye i staticheskie, a tak zhe mnogie
sluzhebnye katalogi nachinayutsya otsyuda.
/usr/lib/acct utility dlya sbora statistiki
/usr/lib/terminfo baza dannyh s opisaniyami terminalov.
/usr/lib/lp katalog sistemy LP spulinga pechati
/usr/lib/uucp katalog sistemy UUCP peresylki fajlov po modemu
spool - mesto dlya sluzhebnyh vremennyh fajlov
/usr/spool/lp katalogi dlya raboty sistemy spulinga pechati
/usr/spool/cron/crontabs komandy, vypolnyaemye po raspisaniyu
/usr/spool/cron/atjobs postavlennye na vypolnenie
/usr/spool/uucp spuling sistemy uucp
/usr/local - GNU-snyj katalog
/var - lokal'nye sluzhebnye fajly
/var/yp/Makefile - konfigurator NIS
/var/named - karty opisaniya DNS
Last-modified: Thu, 12 Feb 1998 07:51:13 GMT