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,         
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,       ,   --  , ,    -- 
.      ,               
,   ,         , 
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  ,  .            
       .  ,    , 
         
 ,   Homo Dei.


       ,            
.      ,       ,
       . 
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 .


                  
  "".   ,     ,  ,  
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 .


         "   , 
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         :    
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,        :    ,  
,     .   ,    
    ,    Homo Dei;   
        ,   .   , ,
    ,    . 
   --        :  
                    ,  
      .            
      ,     alter ego,
,     ,  altra ego.


          ,     ,  
altra ego   .          ,
          ,   .
            ,  
         .     
,   ,   .   
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 ,         
"  "   .   (   )  
:   ,  , , ;    
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,     .


               : 
 .         :    ,  
         .    ,   
    ,  -,   ,     
 .     ,   
,         "",       
(1912--1913  .);  , ,      
    --  , -,  .   
         . ,   ,
, ,   .

                    1990 .

*    . 

___
                 


            ,      --    ,
       College  International  de Philosophie  
.       ;        
   -- ,      ,  
       ,     ,        
  .       ""   
                         
    .     
.
             1874-         1963      
  .    ,   ;    ;
,         .    
   ;       
 .       ,   
   .          ;  , "
   ",  ,          ,    
.    1914 .
                 .        
  .    , 
        .   1943      
                   
          
"!".    1955       "  "    
,          ,        
.
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     .  ,    ,   
.     ,            ,
               
      . ,     
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          ""  
 , , .
        1959        ,        -     
   ,         
          , 
  "  ". ,  ,    ,  
   .
      ,            .
,  ,  fait accompli;      
   ,             
 --    ,     .      
       .    ,        
        .  
    --     -- .
           ,          
,   .   "   "
   .       , 
   ,    ,        .
     ,  . .         
  -    :      ,
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.              ,  ,  
   ;     .
            ,    
 1942  "-".      
   ,     , 
       . ,    
  ,    )          
        ,    ,   )    
    :           ;  
,     .


        "!".
              --   
  ,   .  ,   
           .          
.     ?        ?   
?   ? ,     ? (  ,
  ,    ?)  "!"  --         ,
       .    "     
",  "    ",  "  ",  ""   .  . 
 "   "  ,     
   .       ,   
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  .  -     ,       .
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             , 
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   ,   "":   ,
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         . "       " --
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,                    
.       selv' oscur', 
, , ,     selva  " ".
  ,         ,
          ,         
        . ,  , 
 .
       ,   ;   ,    ,  
,                   .
  ,   : "...   -- !" , 
  .        ,       ,  
,  -  "hark"?  ( "!",   "!").
    -- !  "Hark" (!)     
   ;   --  .    
,               -  .
    ,   .   
,   "hark",  ,         
,  , --      .
          ,      .  
  ,      . ,  
, ,        
:

          Now if it was dusk outside,
          Inside it was dark.

          ,    ,
            .

       "now"  ()      ,      
.  ,  ,  "hark"   "dark"(). 
 "dark"    "inside" (),      
,      "inside"      "outside"
()               
,     .     , 
         :   "ar" 
"us"  "d"  "k".  ,   ,  .   
 .
           .        
,         .  ,     ,
     ,     "inside"    
 "inside" .         
 ,         ,
    ,       ,     --
  ,    , .        ,
       , ,  
,      ,   ,  .
  , "dark"   "woods"  la selva oscura.
         ,         "  ",   
 :

          Too dark in the woods for a bird
          By sleight of wing
          To better its perch for the night,
          Though it still could sing.

               ,
            
             ,
              .

     , -,    ?    ,
  ,      ,    ,
 ,    . ,      , 
         .     
  .       ,     
-  ,   .      ,  ,
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  --  !    --        ;  
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.  ,     ,    .
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,      .         
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:     , -   ,  
.      ;       
("sleight",    --  )     ,
       .  ,    , 
   .
               :      ,
 .     . ,    
  . "The last"() --  -- "of the light"
(c)  --  -- "of the sun" () --  , 
  , -- "That had died"  ( ) --   -- "in the
west" (  ).     /        
  .              
"",     .     
.  ""    ,   ""    ,   ""    
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.      ,          
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lived" ( ) --  -- "for  one song more" (    ) --
  -- " In a thrush's  breast" (  ).  ""
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          ,   ;   
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. "Far in the pillared dark /  Thrush  music  went..."  ( 
    /      ).     ,  ,
"":          --      ,
.  ,     ,        
, "Almost like a call to come in / To the dark  and lament" ( 
  /    ).  ,    "lament"
()   "repent" ():     . 
    ,           
 ,          .      
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    .               
  --         . . 
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,   ;      . 
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     ?       
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   ,   -- , ,  --  .
   .   ,       
                   --  
  ,                
, , ,       
.

          I would not come in.
          I meant not even if asked,
          And I hadn't been.

              .
           ,     ,
              .

           ,     
  ,             .  
          ,             
,                --
    : "    ",    
"  ".  "     "     ,
         ,      
  "    "  .   
.
                  
              ,  
 "", --    ,        
,   .      
 ;  ,     : "[]   
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 ,  -- , ,  "Acquainted  with the  Night"  ( 
).            , 
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      .   "  ,     "
                      
,         
   .         ,  :       
   .
            "!"       ,
.     ,          .
   ,   ,  . ,
,    ""  "".


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.             ,
     :     . ,     , --
    ,      ,         
      .    " "
--     ,            
.
         :

          He saw her from the bottom of the stairs
          Before she saw him.

              
          ,    .

            .   ,  
.                  
,    .     ,
, -- .     ,      
 --  ,  -- .  --  ;  --
.      ; ,     ,   
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  --            .  
          
       ,    .  " "  
           .         
 .   ,     , 
 .
     ,    :

          She was starting down,
          Looking back over her shoulder at some fear.
          She took a doubtful step and then undid it
          To raise herself and look again.

              
           ,    .
             , 
            .

        ,       ,    
,       ,          
,    -  .
             ,            ,
-,      :   ,    .    
,      ,   ?
          .    
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--  . " ,    " -- ; , 
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  ,  "  -- :       --  .  "
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           . ,  ,  pas de deux,  
  ,    .     
 "d"    ("She took a doubtful step and then undid it"),
  "doubtful"   "undid it",   "t"  .     "undid
it",       .     
  --     --   .
       faux pas de deux   "He spoke / Advancing toward
her..."  (  ,      ).      
   .        
,           ,      .
""        .     
  .           
    --   ,--   
 .  "What is it you  see? / From up there  always? -- for I
want  to know" (      ?  --     ) -- 
     ,          :
  .     ,     ,  , ,   
,       --      .     
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  .          
:  "" ,     "" .     
  ,      .   "
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    ,    " 
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Sank  upon her  skirts..." (        ),  
   :  "        " --   
   .         
[ ].   ,   
      .         .  ,
  ,       .     ,
 ,     .    ,  , 
.     ,     ;   
,  ,   .
         :  "He said to gain time" ( , 
 );    

          "What is it you see?"
          Mounting until she cowered under him.
          "I will find out now -- you must tell me, dear".

          "   ?"
          ,      .
          "   --    , ".

             --     "see"   (),  
   .        
  .       .      
"mounting"    .     .    "mounting"  
      ,    "mounting"    ,   
.       ,   
 "" --       . ,    
 "at some fear" (  ). ""   
""     ,      
   .      ,    
     .       "     "  
          "", 
   "   "  --    
   .

          She, in her place, refused him any help,
          With the least stiffening of her neck and silence.
          She let him look, sure that he wouldn't see,
          Blind creature; and awhile he didn't see.
          But at last he murmured, "Oh", and again, "Oh".
          "What is it -- what?" she said.
          "Just that I see".
          "You don't", she challenged. "Tell me what it is".
          "The wonder is I didn't see at once".

               .
             ,   
             ,
          ,  :  
          .     
           : -- ! --   : -- !
          -- , ? --  . --
          --  .
          -- ,  .  , !
          --        !

         "see"  ().     
     .    ,  
             .  
 --  .     ? ,  
-- .,  .   ,  ,
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,     .    ,  
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  ,   .)
      "see"     .  ,     .
        "see",        "Oh"   "yes"  --  
 .      ,       , 
     ,    
   .   ,            ,   --
 ,        
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    []    "  ",        
"see",     ,    "" 
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,         ,       
).      ,      ,   
.
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    ,        
(  ,    )    . "
" --   , ,    , , 
                
           .  ,  
 ,    :   .


        ,     . 
 ,   ,   []  (  23- ), 
  ,  ,     ,   ,  , 
,    .    ,    
        .    ; 
   .               
,  ,    :

          The wonder is I didn't see at once.
          I never noticed it from here before.
          I must be wonted to it -- that's the reason
          The little graveyard where my people are!
          So small the window frames the whole of it.
          Not so much larger than a bedroom, is it?
          There are three stones of slate and one of marble,
          Broad-shouldered little slabs there in the sunlight
          On the sidehill. We haven't to mind [those].
          But I understand: it is not the stones,
          But the child's mound --

               .
           , - ,  ,
           .  --
              .
              , ?
          ,  ,
              ,
              ...
           , :     --
            ...

     " "    ,     
    "    "    , 
  "    , ?"    "frames"
(),        :      
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   .      , 
  .              ,
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         ,  ,
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           , :     --
            ...

        ,            ,
   ;      --    
 --  . ,        
  --           "",    
,       .    ,     
      :     .   
   :

          "Don't, don't, don't don't," she cried.
          She withdrew, shrinking from beneath his arm
          That rested on the banister, and slid downstairs;
          And turned on him with such a daunting look,
          He said twice over before he knew himself:
          "Can't a man speak of his own child he's lost?"

          -- !  ! --
               --
             ,  
               ,
           ,   , :
          --  ,   
              -- ?

         .  "Don't"  ( ) --  
   ,      .           
 --     , -- , , ,  
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,       

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             ,  ...

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said twice over before he knew himself" ( ,   ):

          --  ,   
              -- ?

        .       
.      ,     .  ,  
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   :  "   ,      ".     
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     :

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          ,    ...
          --    .
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              .


             :        ,    
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             ,
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 /    ".
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(       ).      
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          Come in

     As I came to the edge of the woods,
     Thrush music -- hark!
     Now if it was dusk outside,
     Inside it was dark.
     Too dark in the woods for a bird
     By sleight of wing
     To better its perch for the night,
     Though it still could sing.
     The last of the light of the sun
     That had died in the west
     Still lived for one song more
     In a thrush's breast.
     Far in the pillared dark
     Thrush musik went --
     Almost like a call to come in
     To the dark and lament.
     But no, I was out for stars:
     I would not come in.
     I meant not even if asked,
     And I hadn't been.

          !

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           . 

          Home Burial

     He saw her from the bottom of the stairs
     Before she saw him. She was starting down,
     Looking back over her shoulder at some fear.
     She took a doubtful step and then undid it
     To raise herself and look again. He spoke
     Advancing toward her: "What is it you see?
     From up there always? -- for I want to know."
     She turned and sank upon her skirts at that,
     And her face turned from terrified to dull.
     He said to gain time: "What is it you see?"
     Mounting until she cowered under him.
     "I will find out now -- you must tell me, dear".
     She, in her place, refused him any help,
     With the least stiffening of her neck and silence.
     She let him look, sure that he wouldn't see,
     Blind creature; and awhile he didn't see.
     But at last he murmured, "Oh", and again, "Oh".
     "What is it -- what?" she said.
     "Just that I see".
     "You don't", she challenged. "Tell me what it is".
     "The wonder is I didn't see at once.
     I never noticed it from here before.
     I must be wonted to it -- that's the reason.
     The little graveyard where my people are!
     So small the window frames the whole of it.
     Not so much larger than a bedroom, is it?
     There are three stones of slate and one of marble,
     Broad-shouldered little slabs there in the sunlight
     On the sidehill. We haven't to mind [those].
     But I understand: it is not the stones,
     But the child's mound --"
     "Don't, don't, don't
     don't," she cried.
     She withdrew, shrinking from beneath his arm
     That rested on the banister, and slid downstairs;
     And turned on him with such a daunting look,
     He said twice over before he knew himself:
     "Can't a man speak of his own child he's lost?"
     "Not you! -- Oh, where's my hat? Oh, I don't need it!
     I must get out of here. I must get air. --
     I don't know rightly whether any man can."
     "Amy! Don't go to someone else this time.
     Listen to me. I won't come down the stairs."
     He sat and fixed his chin between his fists.
     "There's something I should like to ask you, dear."
     "You don't know how to ask it."
     "Help me, then."
     Her fingers moved the latch for all reply.
     "My words are nearly always an offense.
     I don't know how to speak of anything
     So as to please you. But I might be taught,
     I should suppose. I can't say I see how.
     A man must partly give up being a man
     With womenfolk. We could have some arrangment
     By which I'd bind myself to keep hands off
     Anything special you're a-mind to name.
     Though I don't like such things twixt those that love.
     Two that don't love can't live together without them.
     But two that do can't live together with them."
     She moved the latch a little. "Don't -- don't go.
     Don't carry it to someone else this time.
     Tell me about it if it's something human.
     Let me into your grief. I'm not so much
     Unlike other folks as your standing there
     Apart would make me out. Give me my chance.
     I do think, though, you overdo it a little.
     What was it brought you up to think it the thing
     To take your mother-loss of a first child
     So inconsolably -- in the face of love.
     You'd think his memory might be satisfied --"
     "There you go sneering now!"
     "I'm not, I'm not!
     You make me angry. I'll come down to you.
     God, what a woman! And it's come to this,
     A man can't speak of his own child that's dead."
     "You can't because you don't know how to speak.
     If you had any feelings, you that dug
     With your own hand -- how could you? -- his little grave;
     I saw you from that very window there,
     Making the gravel leap and leap in air,
     Leap up, like that, like that, and land so lightly
     And roll back down the mound beside the hole.
     I thought, Who is that man? I didn't know you.
     And I crept down the stairs and up the stairs
     To look again, and still your spade kept lifting.
     Then you came in. I heard your rumbling voice
     Out in the kitchen, and I don't know why,
     But I went near to see with my own eyes.
     You could sit there with the stains on your shoes
     Of the fresh earth from your own baby's grave
     And talk about your everyday concerns.
     You had stood the spade up against the wall
     Outside there in the entry, for I saw it."
     "I shall laugh the worst laugh I ever laughed.
     I'm cursed. God, if I don't believe I'm cursed."
     "I can repeat the very words you were saying:
     Three foggy mornings and one rainy day
     Will rot the best birch fence a man can build.
     Think of it, talk like that at such a time!
     What had how long it takes a birch to rot
     To do with what was in the darkened parlor?
     You [couldn't] care! The nearest friends can go
     With anyone to death, comes so far short
     They might as well not try to go at all
     No, from the time when one is sick to death,
     One is alone, and he dies more alone.
     Friends make pretense of following to the grave,
     But before one is in it, their minds are turned
     And making the best of their way back to life
     And living people, and things they understand.
     But the world's evil. I won't have grief so
     If I can change it. Oh, I won't. I won't!"
     "There, you have said it all and you feel better.
     You won't go now. You're crying. Close the door.
     The heart's gone out of it: why keep it up?
     Amy! There's someone coming down the road!"
     "[You] -- oh, you think the talk is all. I must go --
     Somewhere out of this house. How can I make you --"
     "If -- you -- do!" She was opening the door wider.
     "Where do you mean to go? First tell me that.
     I'll follow and bring you back by force. I [will]! --"

           

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;      ,  .



*     

Last-modified: Mon, 25 Jun 2001 12:25:52 GMT
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