:



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     Lewis Carroll. Alice's adventures in wonderland.
     Through the looking-glass and what Alice found there
      .     
           ,    
     2-  
       . . 
     ., "",   - , 1991
     OCR  .. mailto:bmn@lib.ru
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     "" , ,          
   .     ,    
,    "",     (  
 ""  ,    ,  ,    
)          ,     
      {. W.  Weaver.  Alice  in  Many
Tongues. The Translations of "Alice in Wonderland". Madison, 1964.}.
         ,           ,
   ,    ,      
,       .     ,  
" "    " - ,
  " {.      :  W.  H.  Auden.  Today's
Wonder-World Needs Alice. - "New York Times Magazine", July 1, 1962,  p.  5,
14, 15, 17, 19.}. ,              
            .  ,
        ; ,
,             
.        ,        ,  ,  
     ,   
" " {M. . . Op. cit., . 244.}        
 .  ,        
 ,         ,  
  .             ,
     1917 . {    .  .,  1879  (
   );    .        
.  Allegro. , 1909 (Allegro -   .  .  );
 .     . . . .  .
. - ., . .}             
-,     ,            ,
     , ""      
     .    ,   
   ,   .    __,
 _-_ -   __,  __    -    __.
 ,     "  ",        
_ _;  ,      ,      __  
  __;  ,      __,     
_--_;    ,      
 _ _.      ,  
   ,    ("",  "    
...", "-",  "  ..."    .).    
    ,      ,
  ,  ,      ,    
   ,            ,
              .  
      , ,   ,
 ,  ,  .    
      ,         
  .
       20--40-   {Lewis  Carroll.        .
.-., 1923.       .  ';    .
    .  .  .  .  .            .   .
- .-., 1924;  .    . . .
-. --, 1940 (   
  40- - 50- ).},       ,
     :         ,      
  .    _  f-,  
_,    _  _,     _      ,
-,  _   . ,     
    .        ,    
, ,    "",  "  ",  
      : , 
         ,  
  .
                   ,
  1967 . { .    .      
   . . . .    .    .
. , 1967.},          
        "  ".   
   ,         
{          ,    
  .},      
.               
   {          
 "":  .       .  ,
 . . ., 1975 (   .  "",  1971,  
12-1972,  3);  .      .  
( ,    ). .  . , . ., 1977 (
 "" .  . "", 1969, 3-7).}.
       1966 .,    .  .        
,        .
        ,        ,    
,      ,      ,   
   - , ,  ""  ""
(   ,            
   ""  ),        
.        (, 
  ,         
   ),  ,  "  ",    
    -.     
    "   ";      -  
"",         ,          
   ,              
.         
 ,     ,  ,    ,    
  ""     ,      ,
"", ,     ,   ,    
    .
          -   XIX .;  
     .     ,
  .        ,  
 .
             ,         
  ,             ,
   .  , ,   ,
  :      ,  
,      .          
   ,   ,      
,        ,        
. " " {.: . .        (
    ""). -  "    1971".
 . ., " ", 1971, . 101  . . 
: "  ...    " ". 
      ,           
     .      "
"    : ,  ,  ,  ,
,          "  ",
 "" (   ""  -      
    ) " (. 101).}     
                .
        -    
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  :                
              ,
         .   
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       .
     ,             
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,   ,    .
     {*  " "   "  "   
 :
 
                     ,   , 
                        
                     :    - 
                     . 
                                       (. . . )} 
      ,        :    
 "  ". _Alice_ , ,  __      __,  
__; _the Hatter - _ (  _    _);  _the  bat  -
 ; the Red Queen -  _.
     ,       ,          
. The Red Queen -   ,  , ,  -
    .    _  _      
,      :  _Do  cats  eat  bats_?    
,       _Do  bats  eat  cats_?      
;     "",     .
  ,          
 ,     :  ,  
    ( : _cats_  _bats_)   
             ,   
        .  _   _,
      _bats_,           
. $,            ;
     _cats  -  bats_.    ,    
    " - "? "   ?...  
  ?"
     -          
.       .
             -     
     .  II  "  "  
   " ": "a Duck and a Dodo,  a  Lory  and  an
Eaglet, and several other curious creatures".   .   (
      )  ,  the Duck  -
 Duckworth, the Lory - Lorina,    ;  the  Eaglet  -
  Edith; the Dodo -   .
             . 
   .    , 
 ,   Duck     "",  
,       .      ,
  ,  ,  ,  ,     
    "", ""  .
               ""     ,
    ,     .  """"
-  . " -!" -  .    
 :  , , ,    ;
      ,        ,      
     .  ,  ,    
,            -
 .
          ( - ,  - ),  
       .    ,  Eaglet    
  ( -   ), a Lory -   (  ).
Dodo,     ,         ""  
"".    " " -    ,      
 "",   ,       ,  
,      ,  ,              
--.
        ,          
(,     ),          .  
   ,  - , .
     ,    ,        .
  ,    ,      
           .  
 V " "  ("  ")    ""
.
         ,   :
       .    ,  
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,   ,   .  ,    
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,    ,    .        
     .       __  (
__,     )    .
                   .      
" "     .  , 
,  .          "",    
-,   ,    .    ,      
 ,           "
  ".              
,         ,      
"", ""  .
       _Hatter_  - "__".     
  ,    -    : ,  
,       (  )        .  ,
                 
,          ,   
      ,            
 ,     (.    -,    
  .).
      XI         -  
     ,     
.                  
   .
     ,     " "       
   "".      
            -  Hatta    Haigha.  
          :  "  [    ,
  ] pronounced it so as to rhyme  with  "mayor".  
    -      Halter  ()    Hare  (),
  .
                  ,
     ,     ,    Hatta  -
    ,   , , ,    ,
   .        
:  Haigha-Hare -   ;  Hatta-Hatter - .
            ""  .
      c ,     ,    
 , "" .
        ,          ,
            ""  -  Tweedledum  
Tweedledee.      :
 
                         Tweedledum and Tweedledee 
                         Agreed to have a battle; 
                         For Tweedledum said Tweedledee 
                         Had spoiled his nice new rattle... 
 
             . .  
{.: . . " ,   ". ., " ",
1968.},    .
                    -
  .         -  .    
""  ,    .        
   -    ,     
.        :
 
           Then, tootle, tootle-too, tootle-too, went the pipers, 
           Twang, twang-a-twang, twang-a-twang, went the harpers, 
           T_w_e_e, t_w_e_e d_i_e-d_e_e, t_w_e_e_d_l_e-d_e_e, w_e_n_t t_h_e  f_i_d_d_l_e_r_s. 
                                                   ( . - H. .) 
 
     ,  " "     ,    
 , ,        ,    
 XVIII .       .  ,  
   ,   :
 
                     Some say, compared to Bononcini 
                     That Mynheer Handel's but a ninny: 
                     Others aver that he to Handel 
                     Is scarcely fit to hold a candle; 
                     Strange all this difference should be 
                     Twixt tweedle-dum and tweedle-dee. 
 
     ,  Tweedledum  Tweedledee -    
      , ,    
 ,    .
        -  __  __.
 
                             
                            . 
                         - ,   
                          , - 
                             . 
                          
                          , ,  , 
                             . 
                           , 
                            . 
                         ---, ---,    . 
 
             .  .          
    .
            -          
 -            
.          
:   the knight      "",    
  "".      ""      
.  White Knight -      ,      ,
   ,    ,      
 ,      .        
            ,
     ,       
  . ,    ,      
  ""  ,   .  
    ""          .  The  Knight
           -        
     ,            ,
      ,   .
       I  ""       ,  
 ,  the White Knight    ,    
   .             
  -    -         .  
  the  White  Knight,        ,     
,  ,           
   {. . 120, 122, 104, 198.}.      VIII  ("
  !"),       the  White
Knight,      .  ,
     Knights,     
  ,          . 
   ,     ,  
      ,             
   .   ,    ,  ,
      ""  .      ,
              
   ,      ,  ,    
 .     ,      ,
         .    
   ,   .          
    "",      ,    ""  
""         .      
  ,        
    .                
-                
  "" .
             ""  the  White
Knihgt                 
.     -  ,  ,  
 - ,     "",  ""
  .     ,    -  ;  
         ,     ,    
              
   (     ).
               ,    
   .  ,   
     .          
 ,      , 
 ,    (      
 ).  ,      ,  
 .   ,   ,    ,    ,
     {Fish    Frog    .        
"" ,      .},    -      
  ""      
-  "".       -    
    Frog, ""    
  "".  (,            ""-,
   ,   .)      
     .      ,      
,        .  
  it,    ,  the  Caterpillar,
the Pigeon, the Mouse, the 'Fawn.         
,    , -  ,  ,    ,
 : , , , .     
   ,        
 (. . c  . III "").  The  Caterpillar    
 -       ,  ,    
    Sir ("", ,      
)?            
 .  ,    ,  ,    
             ,   
    .    ...
       ,  ""          
 .            
,   ,            
      .                   
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  ,    .  
     -      ,  
 .    .
      ,     ,  
 .         -      
            .         
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  ,  ,    
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        ,            ,
,               
  .
                   ,   
.  ,      
,       .    
    ,  ,    ,    
,                    
 .    ,    ""    
   ,    .
     , ,   II ""        ,  
        .
     "There is the tree iii the middle", said the Rose.  "What  else  is  it
good for?"
     "And what could it do, if any danger came?" Alice asked.
     "It could bark", said the Rose.
     "It says _'Bough-wough'_", cried a Daisy. "That's why its branches  are
called _boughs_" ( . - H. .).
          _bough_ ()  _bough_,    
  _bough-wough_  (        
_-_!). ,  __,   __    
        .  -  __     __   
 .       
 ,             
 .     .    
  - . , ,   ""  ,  
    "".         .  
    -  " ";       
,    "",  . .   ,     -
       ,    .
     "-      ? -  . -   
,     ...
     -   ""? -  . -    ?
     -     - ? -  .
     -      __,  -    .  -    ,  
__  !
     - -    , -  " ( . -
. .)
                
,        .      III  "
"        .
     "Mine is a long and a sad tale!" said the mouse, turning to Alice,  and
sighing.
     "It is a long tail, certainly", said Alice, looking down with wonder at
the Mouse's tail; "but why do you call it sad?" And  she  kept  on  puzzling
about it while the Mouse was speaking, so that her  idea  of  the  tale  was
something like this...".
                 ,       
   , ,            
,           .  ,      
,     ,     
  ,    (tail  -      tale  -
).
       . .        ,      ,
 :
     "-   -  , -  ,  ,  -  
    ,       
 .  ,        __,  -
 ,   .
     -  ,          ,  -    ,
   __ , -   __ -    
 ,    ,    ,     .
                  ,      
,        ...".
     . .         
;                 
  :  "  -    -  ".      
         .  .  .  
   , , ,        ("")
.
          -,        ,
  "",  "":
     "-     , -    .
     ,   :
     - !
     - _ _! -         .
-    ?
     ,   ,      ,   
    .    ,      ,
     ..."
                  
 .      ""  ;    
       ,     
  .    -    ,  
 , -       .
      ""       "  "  (.
VII " ").
     "-    ,           __,  -
 .
     - __? -  . -    __?
     -  __,  __, -  . - , " ( .
- . .).
     ,  ,      :    treacle  
     "" -          
,   , ,   ,     "",    
  ""           "
".  ""   -   ,        
 ...   - -,   - -.
     "-   , -   . -     ?
     -    , -  . -      .  
    ! , ?
     -  ? -  .
     -     __ ".
     __      __ -   
 __.
     ""           ,    
  , "".  , , 
,   ,      .
 "" ,     .     
,     .
     "Would you - be good enough" - Alice panted out, after running a little
further, "to stop a minute - just to get - one's breath again?"
     "I am _good_ enough", the King said, "only I'm not _strong_ enough. You
see, a minute goes by so fearfully quick. You might as well try  to  stop  a
Bandersnatch!".
        ""  " __ ".
     "-   ... -  ,  ,  .  -  ,
  ...   .
     -   ? -  . -     __!
      .      !  
,  !   _ _!" ("", . VII  "
 ".)
      " "      
 .   "  "    
  ,    .          
,  ,            .
Horse-fly    Rocking-horse-fly;  Dragon-fly    Snapdragon-fly;
Butterfly  Bread-and-butlerfjy.
      ,  -      -
.      -       "",   "
"  ""    .    :
     a - b "", ""  b - c ,     b,
 "" c - b - c.
     Horse-fly  ()    ""    Rocking-horse  ()  
"" Rocking-horse-fly. Butterfly  ""  Bread-and-butter 
""    Bread-and-butterfly;    Snap-dragon        Dragon-fly     
Snap-dragon-fly.      Snap-dragon,   ,      
. Snapdragon ( flapdragon) -    ,    
     .          
  ,         .    
           .        
snapdragon.            Snap-dragon-fly  
   :      ,   -
  ,  -   .        
 ,        .
                  
,  ""  .  Rocking-horse-fly     ,   
    ,      .    
,    ,          ,  
   -.
           a - b  b - c,   
  -"" a -  b  -  c.      -,  ,
 -   ,  "" a  -  b  -  c,  
  . - , ! . ,    
 "" ,    "" .
     "-      ? -  .
     -     ,     ,  -  
. -   , .     ,   .
     -  , , ,   ? -   .
     - , ,  .
     -     ,    ? [...] ,    
?
     - , ,  ,    , -      
  .
     - -, -  . - -     ...      
... , ? !   ,      
 ,   !
     -    ? -    .
     -   , -  ".
                 .
"", ,     : __    __    
  __.   ,     
 .   ""      
  Rocking-horse-fly.
      ,          "answer  to  their  names"
(" "  "    "),      
.  "  "     .         
 ,      "".
     "",             ,        
.     "  ",  
         .
     "-  __  , ...        __    
.     !  , ,    ...
       ,    .
     -   - , -    ,  -      -
,   - ,   - ,    - .  
,      ...     __!    
-  !"
      ,       ,   
.    ,   .
     "Maybe it's always pepper that  makes  people  so  hot-tempered...  and
vinegar that makes them sour - and camomile that makes them bitter -  and  -
and barley-sugar and such things that make children sweet-tempered.  I  only
wish people knew _that_: then they wouldn't be so stingy about it, you  know
-"
        hot, sour, bitter, sweet          
 .        .
                ,         
  ,           ,  
   ("" - ""  "" - ""), 
  .
           , ,   
       (      
   -            "",  
"" .)              
.  IV " "    "The  Rabbit  Sends
in a Little Bill".       _Bill_,    
.               
      .  (,  
_bill_ - "", ""           
 -   .)  , _a Little Bill_  
   " ",   " " (,     .).
   ,      
 (__,   __,     ).    ,  
  , - "   ", -    
 .       .
 
                                   * * * 
 
           .      
  ,       ,    
,    ,  ,      ,    
,  ,          .
       ;   
 -   ,    ,    
.    ,   ,      ,   ,
-, .        -
     ,     ,
          .        
 "   "   ,       
       :        
  {W. Weaver. Alice in Many Tongues, p. 80.   
 : J. M. Shaw. The Parodies of Lewis Carroll  and  Their  Originals.
December, 1960, Florida State University Library.  .      
         .}.      ,      
      ,        
 ,         ,  ,  ,  
  "",  ,   .    
   : "          
    ,      ,    
-.   -      ,    
, ,      ,      
        ,          
 . ,      -  ,
   , .   ,      ,  
   ,    ,      
  , ,  ,     
     ,      ,
  ...     ,    :
"  .        ,    
   -         
  " {Ibid., p. 85.}.
        ""       ,    
 ,        "      ",  .  .
, . ', . . -.
         V   "   "         
  "      " {. . "",
. 41.}.          ""      .  .
:
 
                          . 
                           , 
                          , 
                            
                        
                         . 
                          . 
                          , 
                        ,   , 
                         . 
                        
                         , 
                         , 
                           . 
                              
                           
                         . [...] 
 
     . .   ( ) ,      
,           ,         
   ,      ,    
.  . . ,    , 
     -  " "    
{  (William Roscoe, 1753-1831) -     
" " (The Butterfly's Ball, 1806),     
 .  XIX .    ;   
  ,      ,  
    . .},      XIX .  
     ,        
,     ,    
  {,  . . , ,      
  ,   .}.
            . -,  
   .
      ,       ,          
 .            ,  
 .  ,              
   :  167 .,     
  ,               
       .  .  ,        
.       "  ",  
     ,  , ,    .
        - :
 
             "You are old, father William", the young man cried, 
             "The jew locks that are left you are grey; 
             You are hale, father William, a hearty old man, 
             Now tell me the reason, I pray". 
              
             "In the days of my youth", father William replied, 
             "I remember'd that youth would fly fast, 
             And abus'd not my health and my vigour at first, 
             That I never might need them at last..." 
 
        :
 
             "You are old, father William", the young man said, 
             "And your hair has become very white; 
             And yet yon incessantly stand on your head - 
             Do you think, at your age, it is right?" 
              
             "In my youtn", father William replied to his son, 
             "I feared it might injure the brain; 
             But, now that I'm perfectly sure I have none. 
             Why, I do it again and again..." 
 
     . .     :
 
               -  , -   , - 
                  .  
                     . 
                , ,  ? 
                
               -   , -    , - 
                  . 
               , ,      , 
                   ... 
 
            ,        
"",      ,           
. .      ""    .
    "",  ""      
 . . .   -      
...
 
               -  , -   , - 
                  . 
                   ,   . 
                 ,     ? 
                
               -   , -    . - 
                :   . 
                     , 
                  ... 
 
      "", " "    ,
   .  ,    ,  
,        .      
""               .
           -      
    "  "  .      
     .
     "-  , -  .
     - ,  __ , -   . -    
 .
     -   ,      ,  -    
".
            "",    ,
,  .
           ""    ,  .  .
,            ,  
""          .  
 ,   ,  ,      ,
              
.
      ,    -  ""      
.   ,     ,  
 ,     .    
 "",    -        
,    .
 
               "First, the fish must be caught". 
            That is easy: a baby, I think, could have caught it. 
               "Next, the fish must be bought". 
            That is easy: a penny, I think, would have bought it. 
             
               "Now cook me the fish!" 
            That is easy, and will not take more than a minute. 
               "Let it lie in a dish!" 
            That is easy, because it already is in it. 
             
               "Bring it here! Let me sup!" 
            It is easy to set such a dish on the table, - 
               "Take the dish-cover up!" 
            Ah, that is so hard that I fear I'm unable! 
             
               For it holds it like glue - 
            Holds the lid to the dish, while it lies in the middle: 
               Which is easiest to do 
            U_n-d_i_s_h-c_o_v_e_r the fish, or d_i_s_h__o_v_e_r the riddle? 
             
                                                   ( . - . .) 
 
              ,    
 -       ,        ,
 ,     ""        
 .
               .  .    
    :
 
                            
                        .   . 
                            
                        .  . 
                           
                               
                        .   ? 
                          ,    - 
                         . 
                        
                          " !" 
                        .    . 
                          "   !" 
                       , ,     ! 
                        
                             -   
                           - 
                           _____  ____ 
                         _______? 
                        
                                          ( . - . .) 
 
         :   _,  ,
_    un-dish-cover  dishcover.  .  
                
 .         
  . ,            
,  ,      -    1960
.   .   ,   ,  
   ,    ,   !    ,  
    ,    .   ,
,        ,        
    .       !
         ,  .           
 .              
.         1967 .     
{. . 219.}.
     ,         
.    - ""; ,    
   .
             ,         
 ,     
  ,     .
                -
 , ,    , , -   
       ;      
     ,     .
 
                     "They told me you had been to her, 
                        And mentioned me to him: 
                     She gave me a good character, 
                        But said I could not swim. 
                      
                     He sent them word I had not gone 
                        (We know it to be true): 
                     If she should push the matter on. 
                        What would become of you? 
                      
                     I gave her one, they gave him two, 
                        You gave us three or more; 
                     They all returned from him to yon, 
                        Though they were mine before. 
                      
                     If I or she should chance to be 
                        Involved in this affair, 
                     He trusts to you to set them free, 
                        Exactly as we were. 
                      
                     My notion was that you had been 
                        (Before she had this fit) 
                     An obstacle that came between 
                        Him, and ourselves, and it. 
                      
                     Don't let him know she liked them best, 
                        For this must ever be 
                     A secret, kept from all the rest, 
                        Between yourself and me". 
 
                   (.
XII  "  ",   "      ").         
  ,          
            ""    .
 ,  ,     ,    
        .    
, ""         
.
     . ,   ,    ,      
  ""              ""
.              "",  
.       - ,  
-  ,          ,      
   .
           - "Jabberwocky" -    
  .      -      
 . . ,      
.
           ,     
,               
  ,            
 .           ,    
   ,       
.        .  .       
 ,           
    .            
   :
 
                        , , , 
                              . 
                        ,  ,   
                             . 
 
     " "     . ,  
   , , ,     .  
     :
     "- "_, , _..." -      .
-   __, ?
     -   ,   , -        
   . (         ,
,       ,    
  ,    ,     ).
     - "_ _..." -        .
-   -  __, ?
     - , -  .
     , , ,     :
     -   !   !
     - -, , -  . -   _ _,   __!
         .  .
     -  ! -   .
       ".
             ,   
   ""      
.
                       
    .            -   
"", "" ,      ,
-      .
       ,            ,  
 ,    :
 
                        A boat, beneath a sunny sky 
                        Lingering onward dreamily 
                        In an evening of July - 
                         
                        Children three that nestle near. 
                        Eager eye and willing ear, 
                        Pleased a simple tale to hear - 
                         
                        Long has paled that sunny sky: 
                        Echoes fade and memories die: 
                        Autumn frosts have slain July. 
                         
                        Still she haunts me, phantomwise, 
                        Alice moving under skies 
                        Never seen by waking eyes. 
                         
                        Children yet, the tale to hear, 
                        Eager eye and willing ear, 
                        Lovingly shall nestle near. 
                         
                        In a Wonderland they lie, 
                        Dreaming as the days go by, 
                        Dreaming as the summers die: 
                         
                        Ever drifting down the stream - 
                        Lingering in the golden gleam - 
                        Life, what is it but a dream? 
 
       .           
,       .        
      ,  .         
  "",         ,
,    ,  .    ,    
,  .     .  
        -          
 .
 
                                   * * * 
 
     "...    ,     .   ,
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Last-modified: Sat, 24 Jan 2004 13:34:30 GMT
: