- - . . - 1938 .*2 " " , - . - . "", .. - , . < , - . , - , - . - , - , - : " , , ". - >.*3 , - , - - . . - - - , . - : " - ", " " (- ""!), " ", " ", " ", "- " ( , ), " ", " " ( , - ), "- ------------ *1 . *2 . 6.2.1988. *3 . 1989. N6. .9. ------------ 721 " ( ), " " ( ), " ", "" ( ), " ", " " (- - ), " " ( - ), "", " ", " ", " ", " - ", " ", " - ", " ", " ", " ", " " ( ), " - ". , - . . - - "" - 1929 . , , - 1918 , 1919 .. "- ". 1921 "" - , " ... ". 65% . " ". . - - 1923 42% - . 20- - . . - , 1925 : " - ..."*1 20- : " - - ... ... - ... - . ( ) - ".*2 " , ------------ *1 , 1917-1940. , 1993.. 154. *2 //. 1927, N 1. ------------ 722 - 10 ".*1 , - - . - , . " - N 1... - , 5 - ... . ... 10-25 ".*2 20- - 8 10- . . , 1925 20 -, 15 . ( ), 15 . 50 .*3 1929 , "" "- ". - " ". , - - , . - , , .. , .. , .. - , .. , .. .*4 - . .. .. ( 1934-1936 - ), , - , . 30- , , - , , - , , , - . 40% - ------------ *1 // . 1927. N 3. *2 . 1924. N 13. *3 . . 1. -, 1978.. 552. *4 .. 12. ------------ 723 , - . - , . , , - , , - , , - - - . - , , --, , , , , , , , - ; - , , . - 227 , 19 - , 15 , 49 21 . , - ; - - (/), - (/), -- (/), - (/), - (4000 ), - (/), , -; - , , , , ; - , , , -. - , - . (- ). "" - -- - - - , - . , , , - 30- 30 . , .. 10% . 10 . , 15% . , - , - . - , , 724 " ". - , : - , , , , , . , - , . - . , - , . - , . , , "" - . , . "" , - . . " " - . . - - . - "". "" - , " ", . "" . , , . , - . , - , -- 10-15% , .*1 - . , - ( , - - , , - "" ). - . , - ------------ *1 : . , 1989. N 7.. 329-331. ------------ 725 - , - . - , . , - , - . . , - . , , , - , - - , - . , , . , . - 300 , . . . , . - , 2-3 - - . . - 7 . ( 1 )*1 +------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ | | 1925| 1926| 1927| 1928| 1929| 1930| 1931| 1932| 1933| 1934| 1935| +------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ |. |139,6|145,3|179,5|121,0|147,2|179,0|212,0|268,7|334,3|510,3|965,7| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 1000 .| 0,99| 1,01| 1,22| 0,80| 0,95| 1,14| 1,32| 1,64| 1,99| 2,98| 5,52| | | | | | | | | | | | | | +------------+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+-----+ . " " , . " " ( . ) - , - . ------------ *1 . 1989. N 45; . 1991. N 6.. II. ------------ 726 " , , - .. , "- - " ( ), - - , , , - , - , , ... - - ".*1 , - . " - " 1921-1934 .*2 +-----+--------+--------+---------------+--------+------+ | | ||,,| || | || | | | | +-----+--------+--------+---------------+--------+------+ |1921 | 35829 | 9701 | 21724 | 1817 | 2587| |1922 | 6003 | 1962 | 2656 | 166 | 1219| |1923 | 4794 | 414 | 2336 | 2044 | -| |1924 | 12425 | 2550 | 4151 | 5724 | -| |1925 | 15995 | 2433 | 6851 | 6274 | 437| |1926 | 17804 | 990 | 7547 | 8571 | 696| |1927 | 26036 | 2363 | 12267 | 11235 | 171| |1928 | 33757 | 869 | 16211 | 15640 | 1037| |1929 | 56220 | 2109 | 25853 | 24517 | 3742| |1930 |208069 | 20201 | 11443 | 58816 | 14609| |1931 |180696 | 10651 | 105683 | 63269 | 1093| |1932 |141919 | 2728 | 73946 | 36017 | 29228| |1933 |239664 | 2154 | 138903 | 54262 | 44345| |1934 | 78999 | 2056 | 59451 | 5994 | 11498| |1935 |267076 | 1229 | 185846 | 33601 | 46400| +-----+--------+--------+---------------+--------+------+ ------------ *1 . 1993. N4. C.58. *2 1 1- // . 1992.2. . 28-29. ------------ 727 " " 1921-1938 2 944 879 , 30% (1062 .) .* - , - , , . 20- "" - , . "" , - , , . "" " ", . "" " ". " " - , - - , . "", , "". " " , , . , " ", , , . - , . " , - 1927 , - . . , , ".*2 1927 "- - ", , - . - , - ------------ *1 . 1992. N 2.. 28-29. *2 XV ()..; ., 1927.. 719. ------------ 728 (- " ", 30 1931 - ). . - . . , . , , - , . , - . 27 1932 - , . : " , - , - - ( ), - , - : 1. . 2. 1933 , , , , , , --, ".*1 , , , . - , , , , . , - . - , "7-35", 7 - " " " - ". , - . : ", ------------ *1 . 28.12.1932. ------------ 729 - , - , , - , ".*1 1933 " ", - - . - . 30- "- " 1,5-2 . . - "" 13 . - . "-" - , . , "" , - . . 20- - 30- - 15-50%, . , , - , . , , 1930 60-65%. 68% , - 104%, - 120%.*2 , - . 20- - 30- - . , - "" . - . ------------ *1 . 16.11.1932. *2 .. 3.. 70. ------------ 730 7 1932 .. () - " - ". ( , ..) - " - - - ", "" . , , : I <...>2. - - - 10 . 3. , . II <...>2. ... - - 10 ... 3. , . III <...>2. - 5 10 . 3. , - ".*1 ------------ *1 - . ., 1932. N 62. . 360.. 583-584. 731  71 . - " - ". - . - - . - . - . - , . 1921 - " ". - . 20- - 10 . . - 20-30- 200 . . .*1 - . - , , , , - ".*2 , - . ", - - - . ; - ".*3 <, - . - , , " " , ; "" - , ; " ", - , - , "" "" - ... !>.*4 1923 .. - , ------------ *1 - (. 29.11.1995). *2 .. . .. 2.. 210. *3 . : , .. 2.. 201. *4 . : . . ., 1995..11-12. ------------ 732 "". , "" - , " - - ". , "", " ". " " " ".*1 (), - , " ". . . () - ; , ( - ), .*2 20- - , - " - ", , - - - . " , - .. , .. , - , - . . , - . - - ".*3 - IV . , - , , - (1922 ): 1. - , - ( , ) . 2. , . ------------ *1 .. . . .2. .212. *2 . " " ? ., 1992. .68. *3 . 1994. N 6.. 102. ------------ 733 3. "- ", " " - . 4. , < "" >. 5. "" : ) - ( ), - , ; ) , - , , , . 6. , "", " " "- " , " - - ". " " " " " ", , " " " " . 7. , " ", " ". . 1922 . ( . ). . 1923 , , : "1. . 2. , , : ) ; ) ; ) . ..."*1 ------------ *1 . .. 2.. 218. ------------ 734 , 25 1923. 1922 . 1923-1924 - (), (), (), - (), (-) - . 1925 . 7 1925 . - , - , . . , 1962 , : " , - , , ".*1 - (). , - : - , , , , , , . - , 1926 24 . - , , . - , - . , - - (), - , , . 30 - , , - , , . - , . - 1926 15-18 . .*2 ------------ *1 . : . . ., 1995.. 162. *2 (): .., 1963.. 451; . " " ? ., 1992.. 61-62. ------------ 735 , " ", - . .. , , - , . - . - , , - , , . - (2 . ).*1 , - , - . - , , , . - , - , , , .*2 . 20- - . , - , , , . , - . , - . - , , , - " " " - ". - . - - - . , , . 20- - - , - . : " . , (), - , . . - ------------ *1 .. 69. *2 . 1993. N4.. 57. ------------ 736 , , , , . , ...".*1 , , 1923 , - . , - , , , . , , , , , , .*2 < ,- - ,- . "" - . , , - , , : ... "" , , . , . . , - , . , . , - , . . - , , >.*3 - , - . - , - . , . - , , , , , , . ------------ *1 .. 57. *2 . 30.11.1923. *3 Lud Bozy. 3.6.1923. ------------ 737 1929 .. , ,