oleg@railway.ufanet.ru mailto:oleg@railway.ufanet.ru // 4 27 1989 . N 63 - 89 . .. :. . - , . . / / 1989  3 7 10 3.1 10 3.2 11 3.3 12 14 4.1 14 4.2 18 4.3 22 4.3.1 22 4.3.2 25 4.3.3 26 4.3.4 27 4.4 31 33 5.1 33 5.2 34 5.3 36 5.4 38 5.5 39 ,, 40 46 7.1 46 7.2 47 7.3 48 7.4 49 1. . - . - 4 - - 60 . - 460 . - 520 . - . : . - . - - . - . - - - . - .- .-.. : 4 27 1989 . - . - 18 : 4 1 13 . 20 1989 . 106-00-5455412 - N63-89. - 8. ! - - .   --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ N | ... | | | || | || | | | --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ 1.| | |. |1..-.-80- | | | | 1961 |. |1..-. -81- | | || | |2..-. -81- | | | | | |2..-. -82- | | | | | |2..-.-87- | - | | | | |3..-..-. | | | | | |.-.-. | | | | | |-. -83- | | | | | |3..-.-84-| | | | | |3..-..-. | | | | | |-. -88- | | | | | |4..-.-.-| | | | | | -88- | | --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ 2.| | |. |1..-. -81-| | | | 1961 | |2..-.. -82-| | | | | |3..-..- | | | | | |..-.- | | | | | |. -83-| | | | | |3..-.-84-| | | | | |2..-. -87-| | | | | |3..-..- | | | | | |.-.-88-| | | | | |4..-.-.-| | | | | |88- | | --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ N | ... | | | || | || | | | --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ 3.| | |.. |1..-.-80- | | | | 1961 | |1..-. -87- | | || | |2..-. -81- | | | | | |2..-. -82- | | | | | |2..-.-87- | | | | | |2..-. -88- | | | | | |3..-..- | | | | | |.-.-88-| | --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ 4.| | |. |1..-. -81- | | | | 1960 | |2..-. -82- | | | | | |3..-..- | | | | | |..-.- | | | | | |.-83- | | | | | |2..-.-87- | | | | | |3..-..- | | | | | |.-.-88-| | --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ 5.| | 1967 |. .-| 2..-. -88- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ 6.| | |. |1..-. -85- | | | | 1961 | |2..-.-86- | | | | | |3.-..- | | | | | |.-.-88-| | --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ N | ... | | | || | || | | | --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ 7.|- | |. |1..-.-80- | | | | 1961 | |2..-. -81- | | | | | |2..-.-87- | | | | | |3..-..- | | | | | |.-.-88-| | --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ 8.| | 1961 |. |1..-. -81- | | | | | |2..-.-88- | | | | | | | | --+-------------+--------+------------+---------------------+-----------+ 2. . , - . - . - - -- . , - - .- - - (4506 ). :,- -,- .. - . 800 .. .- - . - - . , , . -19, +18,9, 250-300. -12 -31,8, +9 +18. 1500-3000 , 150-200. - - - (). - - ( ) . . :, ..- , , . - - , - . - , - - . - - . 1/3 - . , - , . , , , . : , , - () , - , . - , , . . , , ; , - , , ; - . . , - , , - . , , - , . : , , . - . 1922., , 1948. - - . - ( ). - , , , , . - . - (621.), . . - . - - - . 3.  3.1  , , - - . "" - , . - . - : . , , - . -, - - .. - . , "" - . ., , . 3.2  - . .. ,- - - - . : 1. ( ). , - ( 88 ) . . . 2. . : -: , -: , , - . 3. . . - " -89" , - , . () , " " 4- 2- . 4. . - , " ", .. . 5. , - - . 3.3  : , , "". , - , , .. 27 , . - , .. . , : - - - - "" - - - ( . -). - , .. . : , , - . : 3 : 0.5 : 14.5(- 2 ), : 4.5 : 1.5 : 12(0.5 ). , - . - , ( ), . , .. - . . - , - , .. . , .. , "- "( ) . , .. . . .. , - , - . , - - . . "" . - , , . 4.  4.1  ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ | | |-| | -| |- | | | |. || | | | | | | . | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 1 | 5.08 |. - .- | | | | || 2 | 6.08 | - . | | | | |- | | |- .-- | | | | | | | | - .- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 3 | 7.08 |. | | | | || | |- .- | | | | |.| | |- . | | | | |- | | | | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 4 | 8.08 |. | | | | | | | | - . | | | | | | | | | 8 | 4.20 || | | | | | | |30-35% | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 5 | 9.08 | | | | | | | | | | 3 | 2 | | |--"-- | | | | | | - | | | | |.. - .. | | | | | | | | -.| 7+3 |3.30+1| | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ | | |-| | -| |- | | | |. || | | | | | | . | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 6 |10.08 |. - .-| | |-| | | | | -| 5 | 2.10 | | |--"-- | | | .| | | | | | | | | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 7 |11.08 | | | | | | | | | . | 25 | 5 | | |--"-- | | |.- | | | - | | | | | | 5 | 3 | | | | | | - . | | |30-35% | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |40-45% | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 8 |12.08 |. -| | |-| | | | | . - | 5 | 1.50 | | |--"-- | | |. | | || | | | | | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 9 |13.08 | | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 0 |14.08 |. - .-| | | | | | | | | 28 | 4.11 | | | | | | | | || | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 1 |15.08 |.. - | 24 | 2.42 | | |--"-- | | |" " | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 2 |16.08 |" " - | 45 | 5.52 | | |--"-- | | |. | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ | | |-| | -| |- | | | |. || | | | | | | . | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 3 |17.08 |. - | 34 | 5.33 | | |--"-- | | |. | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 4 |18.08 |. - | 35 | 5.42 | | |--"-- | | |.- | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | . | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 5 |19.08 |.- - | 85 | 11.57 | | |--"-- | | | . | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 6 |20.08 | | | | | | | | | . - | 22 | 2.18 | | |--"-- | | | . | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 7 |21.08 |. - | 59 | 6.51 | | |--"-- | | | .| | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 8 |22.08 |. -| 20 | 2.23 | | |--"-- | | |. | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 9 |23.08 |. - | 29 | 3.45 | | |--"-- | | |. | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 0 |24.08 |. - | 35 | 4.46 | | |--"-- | | |. | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 1 |25.08 |. - | 44 | 6.58 | | |--"-- | | |. | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ | | |-| | -| |- | | | |. || | | | | | | . | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 2 |26.08 |. - | | | | || | |. | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ 3 |27.08 |. - | | | | || | |. | | | | | | ---+------+------------------+------+-------+-------+---------+-------+ : - 60 22.50 - 460 62.58 4.2  - 5 . . 8- - . , - / 1/, , . - . 30-40 , - , / 2/. , , , - . , / 3/. - / 4/. - : , , , - , / 6/. - . . , / 5/, . - , .. . . , - . / 7/ - , , . , .. , - , . ./ - / - 7- . - 30-40 / 8/. 30 - , . - , - - . , - / 9/. . , . - - , - / 10/. - . . - , - , - 0.7-0.8 - 10 12 / . ./ - / , - , / 11/. , , , , , / 12,13/ . - , . , , - , - . - - - , , - , / 14/, 15 -. - / 15/. - . - , , , - . ./ / , , 10 - , .. . , 10 - , / 16/. 35-40 / 17/, - 5 . - , / 18/. / 19/ , - . - 35-45 , , , . - / 20/. - , , . , , , - - - - , . - / 21/. ./ / - / 23/. 5 . / 22/. - - / 24/. - , . / 25/. - - - / 26,27/. 4.3 . : 1. . - ( ) (. - ). 2. ( ). 3. . 4. . . .. 4.3.1. . - . . - 165 . - 4.8 /. . - : 5 - , , , ; 1 20 - , / 28/. - - / 29/, ( 1 ) - , , . . - 2 46 . .- , - . - . - / 30/ . . . - . . ., , . . " " "- ", - , .. . " " - . / 31,32/. "" , / 33/. , , - , . " " - , . " " - -. . , . " - " ,.. - . 1,3, 4 . . , . - . " ". 150 , - . , , / 34/, / 35/. 50 " " - - . - , .. , - - - 5-6 . . , , , / 36/ . " " , "". / 37/ , . " " . " ". . - . , / 38/. / 39/. " ". . - - . - , , , - - . / 40/. - , .. - / 41/. " ". . , - . , . - - , .. , , - . . - , - , " - ", . / 42/, "" - . , , - . , , , . "", "", "", "" , . , , , . 4.3.2. . . - . . - 80 . 1.3 /. - , - . - - / 43/. , , , . . - - , , . . . . . / 44/. 4.3.3. . . - . . - 47 . 2.3 /. - . - - . ( ) , , . . - -, . . , - . , 20-100 , 50 . .